Smoking Dependent Alterations in Bone Formation and Inflammation Represent Major Risk Factors for Complications Following Total Joint Arthroplasty
Numerous studies have described a correlation between smoking and reduced bone mass. This not only increases fracture risk but also impedes reconstruction/fixation of bone. An increased frequency of complications following surgery is common. Here, we investigate the effect of smoking on the clinical...
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
MDPI AG
2019-03-01
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Series: | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/8/3/406 |