Clinical heterogeneity of hypophysitis secondary to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade: insights from four cases

Clinical heterogeneity of hypophysitis secondary to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade: insights from four cases

Programmed cell death protein 1/programmed cell death protein ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4/B7 (CTLA-4/B7) pathways are key regulators in T-cell activation and tolerance. Nivolumab, pembrolizumab (PD-1 inhibitors), atezolizumab (PD-L1 inhibitor) and ipilimumab (CTLA-4 in...

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Main Authors: Isabella Lupi, Alessandro Brancatella, Mirco Cosottini, Nicola Viola, Giulia Lanzolla, Daniele Sgrò, Giulia Di Dalmazi, Francesco Latrofa, Patrizio Caturegli, Claudio Marcocci
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Bioscientifica 2019-10-01
Series:Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism Case Reports
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1530/EDM-19-0102

Internet

https://doi.org/10.1530/EDM-19-0102

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