Impact of ApoE Polymorphism and Physical Activity on Plasma Antioxidant Capability and Erythrocyte Membranes
The allele epsilon 4 (ε4) of apolipoprotein E (ApoE) is the strongest genetic risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). ApoE protein plays a pivotal role in the synthesis and metabolism of amyloid beta (Aβ), the major component of the extracellular plaques that constitute AD pathological hallmarks....
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doaj-820afeb8b4674884b3a3d301b1b0c8512020-11-25T01:55:55ZengMDPI AGAntioxidants2076-39212019-11-0181153810.3390/antiox8110538antiox8110538Impact of ApoE Polymorphism and Physical Activity on Plasma Antioxidant Capability and Erythrocyte MembranesRebecca Piccarducci0Simona Daniele1Jonathan Fusi2Lucia Chico3Filippo Baldacci4Gabriele Siciliano5Ubaldo Bonuccelli6Ferdinando Franzoni7Claudia Martini8Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, ItalyDepartment of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, ItalyDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, ItalyDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, ItalyDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, ItalyDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, ItalyDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, ItalyDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, ItalyDepartment of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, ItalyThe allele epsilon 4 (ε4) of apolipoprotein E (ApoE) is the strongest genetic risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). ApoE protein plays a pivotal role in the synthesis and metabolism of amyloid beta (Aβ), the major component of the extracellular plaques that constitute AD pathological hallmarks. Regular exercise is an important preventive/therapeutic tool in aging and AD. Nevertheless, the impact of physical exercise on the well-being of erythrocytes, a good model of oxidative stress and neurodegenerative processes, remains to be investigated, particularly depending on ApoE polymorphism. Herein, we evaluate the oxidative status, Aβ levels, and the membrane’s composition of erythrocytes in a cohort of human subjects. In our hands, the plasma antioxidant capability (AOC), erythrocytes membrane fluidity, and the amount of phosphatidylcholine (PC) were demonstrated to be significantly decreased in the ApoE ε4 genotype and non-active subjects. In contrast, erythrocyte Aβ content and lipid peroxidation increased in ε4 carriers. Regular physical exercise was associated with an increased plasma AOC and membrane fluidity, as well as to a reduced amount of erythrocytes Aβ. Altogether, these data highlight the influence of the ApoE genotype on erythrocytes’ well-being and confirm the positive impact of regular physical exercise.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/8/11/538apoe ε4physical activityerythrocytesoxidative stresscellular membraneamyloid beta |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Rebecca Piccarducci Simona Daniele Jonathan Fusi Lucia Chico Filippo Baldacci Gabriele Siciliano Ubaldo Bonuccelli Ferdinando Franzoni Claudia Martini |
spellingShingle |
Rebecca Piccarducci Simona Daniele Jonathan Fusi Lucia Chico Filippo Baldacci Gabriele Siciliano Ubaldo Bonuccelli Ferdinando Franzoni Claudia Martini Impact of ApoE Polymorphism and Physical Activity on Plasma Antioxidant Capability and Erythrocyte Membranes Antioxidants apoe ε4 physical activity erythrocytes oxidative stress cellular membrane amyloid beta |
author_facet |
Rebecca Piccarducci Simona Daniele Jonathan Fusi Lucia Chico Filippo Baldacci Gabriele Siciliano Ubaldo Bonuccelli Ferdinando Franzoni Claudia Martini |
author_sort |
Rebecca Piccarducci |
title |
Impact of ApoE Polymorphism and Physical Activity on Plasma Antioxidant Capability and Erythrocyte Membranes |
title_short |
Impact of ApoE Polymorphism and Physical Activity on Plasma Antioxidant Capability and Erythrocyte Membranes |
title_full |
Impact of ApoE Polymorphism and Physical Activity on Plasma Antioxidant Capability and Erythrocyte Membranes |
title_fullStr |
Impact of ApoE Polymorphism and Physical Activity on Plasma Antioxidant Capability and Erythrocyte Membranes |
title_full_unstemmed |
Impact of ApoE Polymorphism and Physical Activity on Plasma Antioxidant Capability and Erythrocyte Membranes |
title_sort |
impact of apoe polymorphism and physical activity on plasma antioxidant capability and erythrocyte membranes |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Antioxidants |
issn |
2076-3921 |
publishDate |
2019-11-01 |
description |
The allele epsilon 4 (ε4) of apolipoprotein E (ApoE) is the strongest genetic risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). ApoE protein plays a pivotal role in the synthesis and metabolism of amyloid beta (Aβ), the major component of the extracellular plaques that constitute AD pathological hallmarks. Regular exercise is an important preventive/therapeutic tool in aging and AD. Nevertheless, the impact of physical exercise on the well-being of erythrocytes, a good model of oxidative stress and neurodegenerative processes, remains to be investigated, particularly depending on ApoE polymorphism. Herein, we evaluate the oxidative status, Aβ levels, and the membrane’s composition of erythrocytes in a cohort of human subjects. In our hands, the plasma antioxidant capability (AOC), erythrocytes membrane fluidity, and the amount of phosphatidylcholine (PC) were demonstrated to be significantly decreased in the ApoE ε4 genotype and non-active subjects. In contrast, erythrocyte Aβ content and lipid peroxidation increased in ε4 carriers. Regular physical exercise was associated with an increased plasma AOC and membrane fluidity, as well as to a reduced amount of erythrocytes Aβ. Altogether, these data highlight the influence of the ApoE genotype on erythrocytes’ well-being and confirm the positive impact of regular physical exercise. |
topic |
apoe ε4 physical activity erythrocytes oxidative stress cellular membrane amyloid beta |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/8/11/538 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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