Case Report: Optimizing Pre- and Intraoperative Planning With Hyperaccuracy Three-Dimensional Virtual Models for a Challenging Case of Robotic Partial Nephrectomy for Two Complex Renal Masses in a Horseshoe Kidney
Objective: To report a case of robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) for two highly complex renal tumors in a patient with a Horseshoe kidney (HSK), focusing on the utility of hyperaccuracy three-dimensional (HA3D) virtual models for accurate preoperative and intraoperative planning of the proce...
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-05-01
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Series: | Frontiers in Surgery |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fsurg.2021.665328/full |