Hypoxia Up-Regulates Galectin-3 in Mammary Tumor Progression and Metastasis.
The tumor microenvironment encompasses several stressful conditions for cancer cells such as hypoxia, oxidative stress and pH alterations. Galectin-3, a well-studied member of the beta-galactoside-binding animal family of lectins has been implicated in multiple steps of metastasis as cell-cell and c...
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doaj-8905a6e1553b4af4bcb526c5299b9f842020-11-25T01:45:09ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032015-01-01107e013445810.1371/journal.pone.0134458Hypoxia Up-Regulates Galectin-3 in Mammary Tumor Progression and Metastasis.Joana T de OliveiraCláudia RibeiroRita BarrosCatarina GomesAugusto J de MatosCelso A ReisGerard R RuttemanFátima GärtnerThe tumor microenvironment encompasses several stressful conditions for cancer cells such as hypoxia, oxidative stress and pH alterations. Galectin-3, a well-studied member of the beta-galactoside-binding animal family of lectins has been implicated in multiple steps of metastasis as cell-cell and cell-ECM adhesion, promotion of angiogenesis, cell proliferation and resistance to apoptosis. However, both its aberrantly up- and down-regulated expression was observed in several types of cancer. Thus, the mechanisms that regulate galectin-3 expression in neoplastic settings are not clear. In order to demonstrate the putative role of hypoxia in regulating galectin-3 expression in canine mammary tumors (CMT), in vitro and in vivo studies were performed. In malignant CMT cells, hypoxia was observed to induce expression of galectin-3, a phenomenon that was almost completely prevented by catalase treatment of CMT-U27 cells. Increased galectin-3 expression was confirmed at the mRNA level. Under hypoxic conditions the expression of galectin-3 shifts from a predominant nuclear location to cytoplasmic and membrane expressions. In in vivo studies, galectin-3 was overexpressed in hypoxic areas of primary tumors and well-established metastases. Tumor hypoxia thus up-regulates the expression of galectin-3, which may in turn increase tumor aggressiveness.http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4519331?pdf=render |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Joana T de Oliveira Cláudia Ribeiro Rita Barros Catarina Gomes Augusto J de Matos Celso A Reis Gerard R Rutteman Fátima Gärtner |
spellingShingle |
Joana T de Oliveira Cláudia Ribeiro Rita Barros Catarina Gomes Augusto J de Matos Celso A Reis Gerard R Rutteman Fátima Gärtner Hypoxia Up-Regulates Galectin-3 in Mammary Tumor Progression and Metastasis. PLoS ONE |
author_facet |
Joana T de Oliveira Cláudia Ribeiro Rita Barros Catarina Gomes Augusto J de Matos Celso A Reis Gerard R Rutteman Fátima Gärtner |
author_sort |
Joana T de Oliveira |
title |
Hypoxia Up-Regulates Galectin-3 in Mammary Tumor Progression and Metastasis. |
title_short |
Hypoxia Up-Regulates Galectin-3 in Mammary Tumor Progression and Metastasis. |
title_full |
Hypoxia Up-Regulates Galectin-3 in Mammary Tumor Progression and Metastasis. |
title_fullStr |
Hypoxia Up-Regulates Galectin-3 in Mammary Tumor Progression and Metastasis. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Hypoxia Up-Regulates Galectin-3 in Mammary Tumor Progression and Metastasis. |
title_sort |
hypoxia up-regulates galectin-3 in mammary tumor progression and metastasis. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
series |
PLoS ONE |
issn |
1932-6203 |
publishDate |
2015-01-01 |
description |
The tumor microenvironment encompasses several stressful conditions for cancer cells such as hypoxia, oxidative stress and pH alterations. Galectin-3, a well-studied member of the beta-galactoside-binding animal family of lectins has been implicated in multiple steps of metastasis as cell-cell and cell-ECM adhesion, promotion of angiogenesis, cell proliferation and resistance to apoptosis. However, both its aberrantly up- and down-regulated expression was observed in several types of cancer. Thus, the mechanisms that regulate galectin-3 expression in neoplastic settings are not clear. In order to demonstrate the putative role of hypoxia in regulating galectin-3 expression in canine mammary tumors (CMT), in vitro and in vivo studies were performed. In malignant CMT cells, hypoxia was observed to induce expression of galectin-3, a phenomenon that was almost completely prevented by catalase treatment of CMT-U27 cells. Increased galectin-3 expression was confirmed at the mRNA level. Under hypoxic conditions the expression of galectin-3 shifts from a predominant nuclear location to cytoplasmic and membrane expressions. In in vivo studies, galectin-3 was overexpressed in hypoxic areas of primary tumors and well-established metastases. Tumor hypoxia thus up-regulates the expression of galectin-3, which may in turn increase tumor aggressiveness. |
url |
http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4519331?pdf=render |
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