The Influence of Energy Depletion by Metformin or Hypocaloric Diet on Thyroid Iodine Uptake in Healthy Volunteers: a Randomized Trial
Abstract Sufficient thyroid iodine uptake is needed to ensure effective radioactive iodine (RAI) treatment, which is mediated by the sodium-iodide symporter (NIS). Activation of AMP-activated-protein-kinase (AMPK), leads to decreased NIS expression and thyroid iodine uptake in in vitro and animal mo...
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doaj-8cbde1386042484b97308c46c706c4ac2020-12-08T07:32:24ZengNature Publishing GroupScientific Reports2045-23222019-04-01911710.1038/s41598-019-41997-2The Influence of Energy Depletion by Metformin or Hypocaloric Diet on Thyroid Iodine Uptake in Healthy Volunteers: a Randomized TrialYvette J. E. Sloot0Marcel J. R. Janssen1Antonius E. van Herwaarden2Robin P. Peeters3Romana T. Netea-Maier4Johannes W. A. Smit5Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Radboud University Medical CenterDepartment of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical CenterDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Medical CenterDepartment of Internal Medicine, Academic centre for Thyroid Diseases, Erasmus University Medical CenterDepartment of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Radboud University Medical CenterDepartment of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Radboud University Medical CenterAbstract Sufficient thyroid iodine uptake is needed to ensure effective radioactive iodine (RAI) treatment, which is mediated by the sodium-iodide symporter (NIS). Activation of AMP-activated-protein-kinase (AMPK), leads to decreased NIS expression and thyroid iodine uptake in in vitro and animal models. Clinically relevant conditions that lead to AMPK activation include metformin use and hypocaloric conditions. Here, we aim to assess the effects of metformin and hypocaloric diet on thyroid iodine uptake in healthy volunteers. Healthy male volunteers were included and randomized. Group 1 (n = 8) received metformin, group 2 (n = 7) followed a hypocaloric diet (1500 kcal/day), superposed on a moderate iodine restriction diet; Baseline measurements included thyroid iodine-123 (I-123) uptake and TSH, fT4, T3 and rT3 levels. After two weeks, thyroid function and I-123 uptake measurements were repeated. Baseline characteristics were similar between groups. Levels of TSH and fT4 were similar after each intervention. T3 decreased after hypocaloric diet and metformin (−0.2 ± 0.19 nmol/L, p = 0.0327; respectively −0.13 ± 0.13 nmol/L, p = 0.0282), resulting in decreased T3/rT3 ratios. There was no significant difference in thyroid I-123 uptake after each intervention. In conclusion, metformin treatment and hypocaloric diet resulted in a significant decrease in T3 levels and T3/rT3 ratios in healthy volunteers, without significant effects on thyroid iodine uptake. We found no indications that metformin or hypocaloric diet will have clinically relevant effects on RAI uptake.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-41997-2 |
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DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Yvette J. E. Sloot Marcel J. R. Janssen Antonius E. van Herwaarden Robin P. Peeters Romana T. Netea-Maier Johannes W. A. Smit |
spellingShingle |
Yvette J. E. Sloot Marcel J. R. Janssen Antonius E. van Herwaarden Robin P. Peeters Romana T. Netea-Maier Johannes W. A. Smit The Influence of Energy Depletion by Metformin or Hypocaloric Diet on Thyroid Iodine Uptake in Healthy Volunteers: a Randomized Trial Scientific Reports |
author_facet |
Yvette J. E. Sloot Marcel J. R. Janssen Antonius E. van Herwaarden Robin P. Peeters Romana T. Netea-Maier Johannes W. A. Smit |
author_sort |
Yvette J. E. Sloot |
title |
The Influence of Energy Depletion by Metformin or Hypocaloric Diet on Thyroid Iodine Uptake in Healthy Volunteers: a Randomized Trial |
title_short |
The Influence of Energy Depletion by Metformin or Hypocaloric Diet on Thyroid Iodine Uptake in Healthy Volunteers: a Randomized Trial |
title_full |
The Influence of Energy Depletion by Metformin or Hypocaloric Diet on Thyroid Iodine Uptake in Healthy Volunteers: a Randomized Trial |
title_fullStr |
The Influence of Energy Depletion by Metformin or Hypocaloric Diet on Thyroid Iodine Uptake in Healthy Volunteers: a Randomized Trial |
title_full_unstemmed |
The Influence of Energy Depletion by Metformin or Hypocaloric Diet on Thyroid Iodine Uptake in Healthy Volunteers: a Randomized Trial |
title_sort |
influence of energy depletion by metformin or hypocaloric diet on thyroid iodine uptake in healthy volunteers: a randomized trial |
publisher |
Nature Publishing Group |
series |
Scientific Reports |
issn |
2045-2322 |
publishDate |
2019-04-01 |
description |
Abstract Sufficient thyroid iodine uptake is needed to ensure effective radioactive iodine (RAI) treatment, which is mediated by the sodium-iodide symporter (NIS). Activation of AMP-activated-protein-kinase (AMPK), leads to decreased NIS expression and thyroid iodine uptake in in vitro and animal models. Clinically relevant conditions that lead to AMPK activation include metformin use and hypocaloric conditions. Here, we aim to assess the effects of metformin and hypocaloric diet on thyroid iodine uptake in healthy volunteers. Healthy male volunteers were included and randomized. Group 1 (n = 8) received metformin, group 2 (n = 7) followed a hypocaloric diet (1500 kcal/day), superposed on a moderate iodine restriction diet; Baseline measurements included thyroid iodine-123 (I-123) uptake and TSH, fT4, T3 and rT3 levels. After two weeks, thyroid function and I-123 uptake measurements were repeated. Baseline characteristics were similar between groups. Levels of TSH and fT4 were similar after each intervention. T3 decreased after hypocaloric diet and metformin (−0.2 ± 0.19 nmol/L, p = 0.0327; respectively −0.13 ± 0.13 nmol/L, p = 0.0282), resulting in decreased T3/rT3 ratios. There was no significant difference in thyroid I-123 uptake after each intervention. In conclusion, metformin treatment and hypocaloric diet resulted in a significant decrease in T3 levels and T3/rT3 ratios in healthy volunteers, without significant effects on thyroid iodine uptake. We found no indications that metformin or hypocaloric diet will have clinically relevant effects on RAI uptake. |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-41997-2 |
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