Endocrine Disruptors Acting on Estrogen and Androgen Pathways Cause Reproductive Disorders through Multiple Mechanisms: A Review

Endocrine Disruptors Acting on Estrogen and Androgen Pathways Cause Reproductive Disorders through Multiple Mechanisms: A Review

Increasing contamination of the environment by toxic compounds such as endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) is one of the major causes of reproductive defects in both sexes. Estrogen/androgen pathways are of utmost importance in gonadal development, determination of secondary sex characteristics an...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Saira Amir, Syed Tahir Abbas Shah, Charalampos Mamoulakis, Anca Oana Docea, Olga-Ioanna Kalantzi, Athanasios Zachariou, Daniela Calina, Felix Carvalho, Nikolaos Sofikitis, Antonios Makrigiannakis, Aristidis Tsatsakis
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2021-02-01
Series:International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
Subjects:
androgens
endocrine disrupting chemicals
estrogens
female
gonadal steroid hormones
human
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/4/1464

Internet

https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/4/1464

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