Reductions in biomarkers of exposure, impacts on smoking urge and assessment of product use and tolerability in adult smokers following partial or complete substitution of cigarettes with electronic cigarettes

Reductions in biomarkers of exposure, impacts on smoking urge and assessment of product use and tolerability in adult smokers following partial or complete substitution of cigarettes with electronic cigarettes

Abstract Background Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) are popular alternatives to conventional cigarettes among adult smokers wishing to reduce their exposure to harmful smoke constituents. However, little information exists on the relative internal exposures resulting from the exclusive or dual...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Carl D. D’Ruiz, Donald W. Graff, Edward Robinson
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2016-07-01
Series:BMC Public Health
Subjects:
Electronic cigarettes
Clinical trial
Biomarkers of exposure
Exclusive and dual use
Nicotine cessation
Urge to smoke
Online Access:http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-016-3236-1

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http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-016-3236-1

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