Mineralocorticoid receptors in the pathophysiology of vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis.
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the vasculature that causes significant morbidity and mortality from myocardial infarction, stroke, peripheral vascular disease, and heart failure. Landmark clinical trials revealed that mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) antagonists improve outcomes...
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2015-09-01
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doaj-95e325e0bf71406babd8dd9cfcf910422020-11-25T00:19:23ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Endocrinology1664-23922015-09-01610.3389/fendo.2015.00153165388Mineralocorticoid receptors in the pathophysiology of vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis.Mary Elizabeth Moss0Mary Elizabeth Moss1Iris Z Jaffe2Iris Z Jaffe3Tufts Medical CenterTufts University School of MedicineTufts Medical CenterTufts University School of MedicineAtherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the vasculature that causes significant morbidity and mortality from myocardial infarction, stroke, peripheral vascular disease, and heart failure. Landmark clinical trials revealed that mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) antagonists improve outcomes in cardiovascular patients. Conversely, enhanced MR activation by the hormone aldosterone is associated with increased risk of myocardial infarction, stroke, and cardiovascular death. This review summarizes recent advances in our understanding of the role of aldosterone and the MR in the pathogenesis of vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis as it proceeds from risk factor-induced endothelial dysfunction and inflammation to plaque formation, progression, and ultimately rupture with thrombosis, the cause of acute ischemia. The role of the MR in converting cardiac risk factors into endothelial dysfunction, in enhancing leukocyte adhesion and infiltration into the vasculature, in promoting systemic inflammation and vascular oxidative stress, and in plaque destabilization and thrombosis are discussed. A greater understanding of the mechanisms by which the MR promotes atherosclerosis has substantial potential to identify novel treatment targets to improve cardiovascular health and decrease mortality.http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fendo.2015.00153/fullAldosteroneAtherosclerosis / CADMineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonistsvascular inflammationMineralocorticoid Receptors |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Mary Elizabeth Moss Mary Elizabeth Moss Iris Z Jaffe Iris Z Jaffe |
spellingShingle |
Mary Elizabeth Moss Mary Elizabeth Moss Iris Z Jaffe Iris Z Jaffe Mineralocorticoid receptors in the pathophysiology of vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis. Frontiers in Endocrinology Aldosterone Atherosclerosis / CAD Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists vascular inflammation Mineralocorticoid Receptors |
author_facet |
Mary Elizabeth Moss Mary Elizabeth Moss Iris Z Jaffe Iris Z Jaffe |
author_sort |
Mary Elizabeth Moss |
title |
Mineralocorticoid receptors in the pathophysiology of vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis. |
title_short |
Mineralocorticoid receptors in the pathophysiology of vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis. |
title_full |
Mineralocorticoid receptors in the pathophysiology of vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis. |
title_fullStr |
Mineralocorticoid receptors in the pathophysiology of vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Mineralocorticoid receptors in the pathophysiology of vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis. |
title_sort |
mineralocorticoid receptors in the pathophysiology of vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis. |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Endocrinology |
issn |
1664-2392 |
publishDate |
2015-09-01 |
description |
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the vasculature that causes significant morbidity and mortality from myocardial infarction, stroke, peripheral vascular disease, and heart failure. Landmark clinical trials revealed that mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) antagonists improve outcomes in cardiovascular patients. Conversely, enhanced MR activation by the hormone aldosterone is associated with increased risk of myocardial infarction, stroke, and cardiovascular death. This review summarizes recent advances in our understanding of the role of aldosterone and the MR in the pathogenesis of vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis as it proceeds from risk factor-induced endothelial dysfunction and inflammation to plaque formation, progression, and ultimately rupture with thrombosis, the cause of acute ischemia. The role of the MR in converting cardiac risk factors into endothelial dysfunction, in enhancing leukocyte adhesion and infiltration into the vasculature, in promoting systemic inflammation and vascular oxidative stress, and in plaque destabilization and thrombosis are discussed. A greater understanding of the mechanisms by which the MR promotes atherosclerosis has substantial potential to identify novel treatment targets to improve cardiovascular health and decrease mortality. |
topic |
Aldosterone Atherosclerosis / CAD Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists vascular inflammation Mineralocorticoid Receptors |
url |
http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fendo.2015.00153/full |
work_keys_str_mv |
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