Patient-derived organoids and high grade serous ovarian cancer: from disease modeling to personalized medicine
Abstract Background High grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is among the deadliest human cancers and its prognosis remains extremely poor. Tumor heterogeneity and rapid acquisition of resistance to conventional chemotherapeutic approaches strongly contribute to poor outcome of patients. The clinica...
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doaj-98bc67c0394542a58041af34660d452a2021-04-04T11:05:46ZengBMCJournal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research1756-99662021-03-0140111410.1186/s13046-021-01917-7Patient-derived organoids and high grade serous ovarian cancer: from disease modeling to personalized medicineCamilla Nero0Giuseppe Vizzielli1Domenica Lorusso2Eleonora Cesari3Gennaro Daniele4Matteo Loverro5Giovanni Scambia6Claudio Sette7Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCSFondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCSFondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCSFondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCSFondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCSFondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCSFondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCSDipartimento di Neuroscienze, Sezione di Anatomia Umana, Università Cattolica del Sacro CuoreAbstract Background High grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is among the deadliest human cancers and its prognosis remains extremely poor. Tumor heterogeneity and rapid acquisition of resistance to conventional chemotherapeutic approaches strongly contribute to poor outcome of patients. The clinical landscape of HGSOC has been radically transformed since the advent of targeted therapies in the last decade. Nevertheless, the lack of predictive biomarkers informing on the differential clinical benefit in select subgroups, and allowing patient-centric approaches, currently limits the efficacy of these novel therapies. Thus, rational selection of the best possible treatment for each patient represents a clinical priority in order to improve outcome, while limiting undesirable effects. Main body In this review, we describe the state of the art and the unmet needs in HGSOC management, illustrate the treatment options that are available and the biomarkers that are currently employed to orient clinical decisions. We also describe the ongoing clinical trials that are testing new therapeutic approaches for HGSOC. Next, we introduce the organoid technology as a promising, expanding strategy to study cancer and to develop personalized therapeutic approaches. In particular, we discuss recent studies that have characterized the translational potential of Patient’s Derived Organoids (PDOs) to inform on drug sensitivity of HGSOC patients. Conclusions PDOs can predict the response of patients to treatments and may therefore guide therapeutic decisions. Although preliminary results appear encouraging, organoids still need to be generated and expanded efficiently to enable drug screening in a clinically meaningful time window. A new generation of clinical trials based on the organoid technology should guarantee tailored approaches to ovarian cancer management, as it is now clear that the one-size-fits-all approach cannot lead to efficient and meaningful therapeutic advancements.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13046-021-01917-7Ovarian cancerOrganoidsTarget therapy3D culturesDrug screening |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Camilla Nero Giuseppe Vizzielli Domenica Lorusso Eleonora Cesari Gennaro Daniele Matteo Loverro Giovanni Scambia Claudio Sette |
spellingShingle |
Camilla Nero Giuseppe Vizzielli Domenica Lorusso Eleonora Cesari Gennaro Daniele Matteo Loverro Giovanni Scambia Claudio Sette Patient-derived organoids and high grade serous ovarian cancer: from disease modeling to personalized medicine Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research Ovarian cancer Organoids Target therapy 3D cultures Drug screening |
author_facet |
Camilla Nero Giuseppe Vizzielli Domenica Lorusso Eleonora Cesari Gennaro Daniele Matteo Loverro Giovanni Scambia Claudio Sette |
author_sort |
Camilla Nero |
title |
Patient-derived organoids and high grade serous ovarian cancer: from disease modeling to personalized medicine |
title_short |
Patient-derived organoids and high grade serous ovarian cancer: from disease modeling to personalized medicine |
title_full |
Patient-derived organoids and high grade serous ovarian cancer: from disease modeling to personalized medicine |
title_fullStr |
Patient-derived organoids and high grade serous ovarian cancer: from disease modeling to personalized medicine |
title_full_unstemmed |
Patient-derived organoids and high grade serous ovarian cancer: from disease modeling to personalized medicine |
title_sort |
patient-derived organoids and high grade serous ovarian cancer: from disease modeling to personalized medicine |
publisher |
BMC |
series |
Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research |
issn |
1756-9966 |
publishDate |
2021-03-01 |
description |
Abstract Background High grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is among the deadliest human cancers and its prognosis remains extremely poor. Tumor heterogeneity and rapid acquisition of resistance to conventional chemotherapeutic approaches strongly contribute to poor outcome of patients. The clinical landscape of HGSOC has been radically transformed since the advent of targeted therapies in the last decade. Nevertheless, the lack of predictive biomarkers informing on the differential clinical benefit in select subgroups, and allowing patient-centric approaches, currently limits the efficacy of these novel therapies. Thus, rational selection of the best possible treatment for each patient represents a clinical priority in order to improve outcome, while limiting undesirable effects. Main body In this review, we describe the state of the art and the unmet needs in HGSOC management, illustrate the treatment options that are available and the biomarkers that are currently employed to orient clinical decisions. We also describe the ongoing clinical trials that are testing new therapeutic approaches for HGSOC. Next, we introduce the organoid technology as a promising, expanding strategy to study cancer and to develop personalized therapeutic approaches. In particular, we discuss recent studies that have characterized the translational potential of Patient’s Derived Organoids (PDOs) to inform on drug sensitivity of HGSOC patients. Conclusions PDOs can predict the response of patients to treatments and may therefore guide therapeutic decisions. Although preliminary results appear encouraging, organoids still need to be generated and expanded efficiently to enable drug screening in a clinically meaningful time window. A new generation of clinical trials based on the organoid technology should guarantee tailored approaches to ovarian cancer management, as it is now clear that the one-size-fits-all approach cannot lead to efficient and meaningful therapeutic advancements. |
topic |
Ovarian cancer Organoids Target therapy 3D cultures Drug screening |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13046-021-01917-7 |
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