Observations of diffusion in the electron halo and strahl

Observations of the three-dimensional solar wind electron velocity distribution functions (VDF) using <i>ϕ</i>–<i>θ</i> plots often show a tongue of electrons that begins at the strahl and stretches toward a new population of electrons, termed the proto-halo, that exists n...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: C. Gurgiolo, M. L. Goldstein
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Copernicus Publications 2016-12-01
Series:Annales Geophysicae
Online Access:https://www.ann-geophys.net/34/1175/2016/angeo-34-1175-2016.pdf