T-Cell Exhaustion in Chronic Infections: Reversing the State of Exhaustion and Reinvigorating Optimal Protective Immune Responses

T-cell exhaustion is a phenomenon of dysfunction or physical elimination of antigen-specific T cells reported in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections as well as cancer. Exhaustion appears to be often restricted to CD8+ T cells responses...

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Main Authors: Alireza Saeidi, Keivan Zandi, Yi Ying Cheok, Hamidreza Saeidi, Won Fen Wong, Chalystha Yie Qin Lee, Heng Choon Cheong, Yean Kong Yong, Marie Larsson, Esaki Muthu Shankar
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2018-11-01
Series:Frontiers in Immunology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2018.02569/full