Activation of Immune Genes in Leafhoppers by Phytoplasmas and Symbiotic Bacteria

Insect immunity is a crucial process in interactions between host and microorganisms and the presence of pathogenic, commensal, or beneficial bacteria may result in different immune responses. In Hemiptera vectors of phytoplasmas, infected insects are amenable to carrying high loads of phytopathogen...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Elena Gonella, Mauro Mandrioli, Rosemarie Tedeschi, Elena Crotti, Marianna Pontini, Alberto Alma
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2019-06-01
Series:Frontiers in Physiology
Subjects:
Raf
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fphys.2019.00795/full