Enough Metals? Resource Constraints to Supply a Fully Renewable Energy System

The transition from a fossil fuel base to a renewable energy system relies on materials and, in particular, metals to manufacture and maintain energy conversion technologies. Supply constraints shift from fossil fuels to mineral resources. We assess the availability of metal reserves and resources t...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Vincent Moreau, Piero Carlo Dos Reis, François Vuille
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2019-01-01
Series:Resources
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9276/8/1/29