Cyclotron-based production of 68Ga, [68Ga]GaCl3, and [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 from a liquid target
Abstract Purpose To optimize the direct production of 68Ga on a cyclotron, via the 68Zn(p,n)68Ga reaction using a liquid cyclotron target. We Investigated the yield of cyclotron-produced 68Ga, extraction of [68Ga]GaCl3 and subsequent [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 labeling using an automated synthesis module. Met...
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
SpringerOpen
2020-11-01
|
Series: | EJNMMI Radiopharmacy and Chemistry |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s41181-020-00106-9 |
id |
doaj-abacfed0d8294baaae884588882d469f |
---|---|
record_format |
Article |
spelling |
doaj-abacfed0d8294baaae884588882d469f2020-11-25T04:09:15ZengSpringerOpenEJNMMI Radiopharmacy and Chemistry2365-421X2020-11-015111810.1186/s41181-020-00106-9Cyclotron-based production of 68Ga, [68Ga]GaCl3, and [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 from a liquid targetMelissa E. Rodnick0Carina Sollert1Daniela Stark2Mara Clark3Andrew Katsifis4Brian G. Hockley5D. Christian Parr6Jens Frigell7Bradford D. Henderson8Monica Abghari-Gerst9Morand R. Piert10Michael J. Fulham11Stefan Eberl12Katherine Gagnon13Peter J. H. Scott14Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, University of MichiganGE Healthcare, GEMS PET SystemsDepartment of Molecular Imaging, Royal Prince Alfred HospitalDivision of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, University of MichiganDepartment of Molecular Imaging, Royal Prince Alfred HospitalDivision of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, University of MichiganGE Healthcare, GEMS PET SystemsGE Healthcare, GEMS PET SystemsDivision of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, University of MichiganDivision of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, University of MichiganDivision of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, University of MichiganDepartment of Molecular Imaging, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and Sydney Medical School, University of SydneyDepartment of Molecular Imaging, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and School of Computer Science, The University of SydneyGE Healthcare, GEMS PET SystemsDivision of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, University of MichiganAbstract Purpose To optimize the direct production of 68Ga on a cyclotron, via the 68Zn(p,n)68Ga reaction using a liquid cyclotron target. We Investigated the yield of cyclotron-produced 68Ga, extraction of [68Ga]GaCl3 and subsequent [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 labeling using an automated synthesis module. Methods Irradiations of a 1.0 M solution of [68Zn]Zn(NO3)2 in dilute (0.2–0.3 M) HNO3 were conducted using GE PETtrace cyclotrons and GE 68Ga liquid targets. The proton beam energy was degraded to a nominal 14.3 MeV to minimize the co-production of 67Ga through the 68Zn(p,2n)67Ga reaction without unduly compromising 68Ga yields. We also evaluated the effects of varying beam times (50–75 min) and beam currents (27–40 μA). Crude 68Ga production was measured. The extraction of [68Ga]GaCl3 was performed using a 2 column solid phase method on the GE FASTlab Developer platform. Extracted [68Ga]GaCl3 was used to label [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 that was intended for clinical use. Results The decay corrected yield of 68Ga at EOB was typically > 3.7 GBq (100 mCi) for a 60 min beam, with irradiations of [68Zn]Zn(NO3)2 at 0.3 M HNO3. Target/chemistry performance was more consistent when compared with 0.2 M HNO3. Radionuclidic purity of 68Ga was typically > 99.8% at EOB and met the requirements specified in the European Pharmacopoeia (< 2% combined 66/67Ga) for a practical clinical product shelf-life. The activity yield of [68Ga]GaCl3 was typically > 50% (~ 1.85 GBq, 50 mCi); yields improved as processes were optimized. Labeling yields for [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 were near quantitative (~ 1.67 GBq, 45 mCi) at EOS. Cyclotron produced [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 underwent full quality control, stability and sterility testing, and was implemented for human use at the University of Michigan as an Investigational New Drug through the US FDA and also at the Royal Prince Alfred Hospital (RPA). Conclusion Direct cyclotron irradiation of a liquid target provides clinically relevant quantities of [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 and is a viable alternative to traditional 68Ge/68Ga generators.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s41181-020-00106-9Gallium-68Cyclotron targetryPositron emission tomographyPSMA |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Melissa E. Rodnick Carina Sollert Daniela Stark Mara Clark Andrew Katsifis Brian G. Hockley D. Christian Parr Jens Frigell Bradford D. Henderson Monica Abghari-Gerst Morand R. Piert Michael J. Fulham Stefan Eberl Katherine Gagnon Peter J. H. Scott |
spellingShingle |
Melissa E. Rodnick Carina Sollert Daniela Stark Mara Clark Andrew Katsifis Brian G. Hockley D. Christian Parr Jens Frigell Bradford D. Henderson Monica Abghari-Gerst Morand R. Piert Michael J. Fulham Stefan Eberl Katherine Gagnon Peter J. H. Scott Cyclotron-based production of 68Ga, [68Ga]GaCl3, and [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 from a liquid target EJNMMI Radiopharmacy and Chemistry Gallium-68 Cyclotron targetry Positron emission tomography PSMA |
author_facet |
Melissa E. Rodnick Carina Sollert Daniela Stark Mara Clark Andrew Katsifis Brian G. Hockley D. Christian Parr Jens Frigell Bradford D. Henderson Monica Abghari-Gerst Morand R. Piert Michael J. Fulham Stefan Eberl Katherine Gagnon Peter J. H. Scott |
author_sort |
Melissa E. Rodnick |
title |
Cyclotron-based production of 68Ga, [68Ga]GaCl3, and [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 from a liquid target |
title_short |
Cyclotron-based production of 68Ga, [68Ga]GaCl3, and [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 from a liquid target |
title_full |
Cyclotron-based production of 68Ga, [68Ga]GaCl3, and [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 from a liquid target |
title_fullStr |
Cyclotron-based production of 68Ga, [68Ga]GaCl3, and [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 from a liquid target |
title_full_unstemmed |
Cyclotron-based production of 68Ga, [68Ga]GaCl3, and [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 from a liquid target |
title_sort |
cyclotron-based production of 68ga, [68ga]gacl3, and [68ga]ga-psma-11 from a liquid target |
publisher |
SpringerOpen |
series |
EJNMMI Radiopharmacy and Chemistry |
issn |
2365-421X |
publishDate |
2020-11-01 |
description |
Abstract Purpose To optimize the direct production of 68Ga on a cyclotron, via the 68Zn(p,n)68Ga reaction using a liquid cyclotron target. We Investigated the yield of cyclotron-produced 68Ga, extraction of [68Ga]GaCl3 and subsequent [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 labeling using an automated synthesis module. Methods Irradiations of a 1.0 M solution of [68Zn]Zn(NO3)2 in dilute (0.2–0.3 M) HNO3 were conducted using GE PETtrace cyclotrons and GE 68Ga liquid targets. The proton beam energy was degraded to a nominal 14.3 MeV to minimize the co-production of 67Ga through the 68Zn(p,2n)67Ga reaction without unduly compromising 68Ga yields. We also evaluated the effects of varying beam times (50–75 min) and beam currents (27–40 μA). Crude 68Ga production was measured. The extraction of [68Ga]GaCl3 was performed using a 2 column solid phase method on the GE FASTlab Developer platform. Extracted [68Ga]GaCl3 was used to label [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 that was intended for clinical use. Results The decay corrected yield of 68Ga at EOB was typically > 3.7 GBq (100 mCi) for a 60 min beam, with irradiations of [68Zn]Zn(NO3)2 at 0.3 M HNO3. Target/chemistry performance was more consistent when compared with 0.2 M HNO3. Radionuclidic purity of 68Ga was typically > 99.8% at EOB and met the requirements specified in the European Pharmacopoeia (< 2% combined 66/67Ga) for a practical clinical product shelf-life. The activity yield of [68Ga]GaCl3 was typically > 50% (~ 1.85 GBq, 50 mCi); yields improved as processes were optimized. Labeling yields for [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 were near quantitative (~ 1.67 GBq, 45 mCi) at EOS. Cyclotron produced [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 underwent full quality control, stability and sterility testing, and was implemented for human use at the University of Michigan as an Investigational New Drug through the US FDA and also at the Royal Prince Alfred Hospital (RPA). Conclusion Direct cyclotron irradiation of a liquid target provides clinically relevant quantities of [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 and is a viable alternative to traditional 68Ge/68Ga generators. |
topic |
Gallium-68 Cyclotron targetry Positron emission tomography PSMA |
url |
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s41181-020-00106-9 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT melissaerodnick cyclotronbasedproductionof68ga68gagacl3and68gagapsma11fromaliquidtarget AT carinasollert cyclotronbasedproductionof68ga68gagacl3and68gagapsma11fromaliquidtarget AT danielastark cyclotronbasedproductionof68ga68gagacl3and68gagapsma11fromaliquidtarget AT maraclark cyclotronbasedproductionof68ga68gagacl3and68gagapsma11fromaliquidtarget AT andrewkatsifis cyclotronbasedproductionof68ga68gagacl3and68gagapsma11fromaliquidtarget AT brianghockley cyclotronbasedproductionof68ga68gagacl3and68gagapsma11fromaliquidtarget AT dchristianparr cyclotronbasedproductionof68ga68gagacl3and68gagapsma11fromaliquidtarget AT jensfrigell cyclotronbasedproductionof68ga68gagacl3and68gagapsma11fromaliquidtarget AT bradforddhenderson cyclotronbasedproductionof68ga68gagacl3and68gagapsma11fromaliquidtarget AT monicaabgharigerst cyclotronbasedproductionof68ga68gagacl3and68gagapsma11fromaliquidtarget AT morandrpiert cyclotronbasedproductionof68ga68gagacl3and68gagapsma11fromaliquidtarget AT michaeljfulham cyclotronbasedproductionof68ga68gagacl3and68gagapsma11fromaliquidtarget AT stefaneberl cyclotronbasedproductionof68ga68gagacl3and68gagapsma11fromaliquidtarget AT katherinegagnon cyclotronbasedproductionof68ga68gagacl3and68gagapsma11fromaliquidtarget AT peterjhscott cyclotronbasedproductionof68ga68gagacl3and68gagapsma11fromaliquidtarget |
_version_ |
1724422751036375040 |