The analysis of glutamate and glutamine frequencies in human proteins as marker of tissue oxygenation
In this study, we investigated whether the relative abundance of glutamate and glutamine in human proteins reflects the availability of these amino acids (AAs) dictated by the cellular context. In particular, because hypoxia increases the conversion of glutamate to glutamine, we hypothesized that th...
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doaj-b2340023269a4836b60f95fc42d4528c2020-11-25T03:10:07ZengThe Royal SocietyRoyal Society Open Science2054-57032019-04-016410.1098/rsos.181891181891The analysis of glutamate and glutamine frequencies in human proteins as marker of tissue oxygenationAnnamaria VernoneChiara RiccaDaniela MerloGianpiero PescarmonaFrancesca SilvagnoIn this study, we investigated whether the relative abundance of glutamate and glutamine in human proteins reflects the availability of these amino acids (AAs) dictated by the cellular context. In particular, because hypoxia increases the conversion of glutamate to glutamine, we hypothesized that the ratio glutamate/glutamine could be related to tissue oxygenation. By histological, biochemical and genetic evaluation, we identified proteins expressed selectively by distinct cellular populations that are exposed in the same tissue to high or low oxygenation, or proteins codified by different chromosomal loci. Our biochemical assessment was implemented by software tools that calculated the absolute and the relative frequencies of all AAs contained in the proteins. Moreover, an agglomerative hierarchical cluster analysis was performed. In the skin model that has a strictly local metabolism, we demonstrated that the ratio glutamate/glutamine of the selected proteins was directly proportional to oxygenation. Accordingly, the proteins codified by the epidermal differentiation complex in the region 1q21.3 and by the lipase clustering region 10q23.31 showed a significantly lower ratio glutamate/glutamine compared with the nearby regions of the same chromosome. Overall, our results demonstrate that the estimation of glutamate/glutamine ratio can give information on tissue oxygenation and could be exploited as marker of hypoxia, a condition common to several pathologies.https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rsos.181891glutamate/glutamine ratioepidermishypoxic cell environmentepidermal differentiation complexliver |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Annamaria Vernone Chiara Ricca Daniela Merlo Gianpiero Pescarmona Francesca Silvagno |
spellingShingle |
Annamaria Vernone Chiara Ricca Daniela Merlo Gianpiero Pescarmona Francesca Silvagno The analysis of glutamate and glutamine frequencies in human proteins as marker of tissue oxygenation Royal Society Open Science glutamate/glutamine ratio epidermis hypoxic cell environment epidermal differentiation complex liver |
author_facet |
Annamaria Vernone Chiara Ricca Daniela Merlo Gianpiero Pescarmona Francesca Silvagno |
author_sort |
Annamaria Vernone |
title |
The analysis of glutamate and glutamine frequencies in human proteins as marker of tissue oxygenation |
title_short |
The analysis of glutamate and glutamine frequencies in human proteins as marker of tissue oxygenation |
title_full |
The analysis of glutamate and glutamine frequencies in human proteins as marker of tissue oxygenation |
title_fullStr |
The analysis of glutamate and glutamine frequencies in human proteins as marker of tissue oxygenation |
title_full_unstemmed |
The analysis of glutamate and glutamine frequencies in human proteins as marker of tissue oxygenation |
title_sort |
analysis of glutamate and glutamine frequencies in human proteins as marker of tissue oxygenation |
publisher |
The Royal Society |
series |
Royal Society Open Science |
issn |
2054-5703 |
publishDate |
2019-04-01 |
description |
In this study, we investigated whether the relative abundance of glutamate and glutamine in human proteins reflects the availability of these amino acids (AAs) dictated by the cellular context. In particular, because hypoxia increases the conversion of glutamate to glutamine, we hypothesized that the ratio glutamate/glutamine could be related to tissue oxygenation. By histological, biochemical and genetic evaluation, we identified proteins expressed selectively by distinct cellular populations that are exposed in the same tissue to high or low oxygenation, or proteins codified by different chromosomal loci. Our biochemical assessment was implemented by software tools that calculated the absolute and the relative frequencies of all AAs contained in the proteins. Moreover, an agglomerative hierarchical cluster analysis was performed. In the skin model that has a strictly local metabolism, we demonstrated that the ratio glutamate/glutamine of the selected proteins was directly proportional to oxygenation. Accordingly, the proteins codified by the epidermal differentiation complex in the region 1q21.3 and by the lipase clustering region 10q23.31 showed a significantly lower ratio glutamate/glutamine compared with the nearby regions of the same chromosome. Overall, our results demonstrate that the estimation of glutamate/glutamine ratio can give information on tissue oxygenation and could be exploited as marker of hypoxia, a condition common to several pathologies. |
topic |
glutamate/glutamine ratio epidermis hypoxic cell environment epidermal differentiation complex liver |
url |
https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rsos.181891 |
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