Halophilic Methylotrophic Methanogens May Contribute to the High Ammonium Concentrations Found in Shale Oil and Shale Gas Reservoirs

Flow-back and produced waters from shale gas and shale oil fields contain high ammonium, which can be formed by methanogenic degradation of methylamines into methane and ammonium. Methylamines are added to fracturing fluid to prevent clay swelling or can originate from metabolism of the osmolyte tri...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Biwen Annie An, Yin Shen, Johanna Voordouw, Gerrit Voordouw
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2019-03-01
Series:Frontiers in Energy Research
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fenrg.2019.00023/full