Bioenergetic bypass using cell-permeable succinate, but not methylene blue, attenuates metformin-induced lactate production
Abstract Background Metformin is the most common pharmacological treatment for type 2 diabetes. It is considered safe but has been associated with the development of lactic acidosis under circumstances where plasma concentrations exceed therapeutic levels. Metformin-induced lactic acidosis has been...
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doaj-b766a7ad98dc49df8d06ab85f7ef9daa2020-11-24T21:21:38ZengSpringerOpenIntensive Care Medicine Experimental2197-425X2018-08-016111210.1186/s40635-018-0186-1Bioenergetic bypass using cell-permeable succinate, but not methylene blue, attenuates metformin-induced lactate productionSarah Piel0Johannes K. Ehinger1Imen Chamkha2Eleonor Åsander Frostner3Fredrik Sjövall4Eskil Elmér5Magnus J. Hansson6Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Mitochondrial Medicine, Lund UniversityDepartment of Clinical Sciences Lund, Mitochondrial Medicine, Lund UniversityDepartment of Clinical Sciences Lund, Mitochondrial Medicine, Lund UniversityDepartment of Clinical Sciences Lund, Mitochondrial Medicine, Lund UniversityDepartment of Clinical Sciences Lund, Mitochondrial Medicine, Lund UniversityDepartment of Clinical Sciences Lund, Mitochondrial Medicine, Lund UniversityDepartment of Clinical Sciences Lund, Mitochondrial Medicine, Lund UniversityAbstract Background Metformin is the most common pharmacological treatment for type 2 diabetes. It is considered safe but has been associated with the development of lactic acidosis under circumstances where plasma concentrations exceed therapeutic levels. Metformin-induced lactic acidosis has been linked to the drug’s toxic effect on mitochondrial function. Current treatment strategies aim to remove the drug and correct for the acidosis. With a mortality of 20%, complementary treatment strategies are needed. In this study, it was investigated whether targeting mitochondria with pharmacological agents that bypass metformin-induced mitochondrial dysfunction can counteract the energetic deficit linked to toxic doses of metformin. Methods The redox agent methylene blue and the cell-permeable succinate prodrug NV118 were evaluated by measuring mitochondrial respiration and lactate production of human platelets exposed to metformin and co-treated with either of the two pharmacological bypass agents. Results The cell-permeable succinate prodrug NV118 increased mitochondrial respiration which was linked to phosphorylation by the ATP-synthase and alleviated the increase in lactate production induced by toxic doses of metformin. The redox agent methylene blue, in contrast, failed to mitigate the metformin-induced changes in mitochondrial respiration and lactate generation. Conclusions The cell-permeable succinate prodrug NV118 bypassed the mitochondrial dysfunction and counteracted the energy deficit associated with toxic doses of metformin. If similar effects of NV118 prove translatable to an in vivo effect, this pharmacological strategy presents as a promising complementary treatment for patients with metformin-induced lactic acidosis.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40635-018-0186-1Cell-permeable succinateHuman plateletsLactic acidosisMetforminMethylene blueMitochondrial respiration |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Sarah Piel Johannes K. Ehinger Imen Chamkha Eleonor Åsander Frostner Fredrik Sjövall Eskil Elmér Magnus J. Hansson |
spellingShingle |
Sarah Piel Johannes K. Ehinger Imen Chamkha Eleonor Åsander Frostner Fredrik Sjövall Eskil Elmér Magnus J. Hansson Bioenergetic bypass using cell-permeable succinate, but not methylene blue, attenuates metformin-induced lactate production Intensive Care Medicine Experimental Cell-permeable succinate Human platelets Lactic acidosis Metformin Methylene blue Mitochondrial respiration |
author_facet |
Sarah Piel Johannes K. Ehinger Imen Chamkha Eleonor Åsander Frostner Fredrik Sjövall Eskil Elmér Magnus J. Hansson |
author_sort |
Sarah Piel |
title |
Bioenergetic bypass using cell-permeable succinate, but not methylene blue, attenuates metformin-induced lactate production |
title_short |
Bioenergetic bypass using cell-permeable succinate, but not methylene blue, attenuates metformin-induced lactate production |
title_full |
Bioenergetic bypass using cell-permeable succinate, but not methylene blue, attenuates metformin-induced lactate production |
title_fullStr |
Bioenergetic bypass using cell-permeable succinate, but not methylene blue, attenuates metformin-induced lactate production |
title_full_unstemmed |
Bioenergetic bypass using cell-permeable succinate, but not methylene blue, attenuates metformin-induced lactate production |
title_sort |
bioenergetic bypass using cell-permeable succinate, but not methylene blue, attenuates metformin-induced lactate production |
publisher |
SpringerOpen |
series |
Intensive Care Medicine Experimental |
issn |
2197-425X |
publishDate |
2018-08-01 |
description |
Abstract Background Metformin is the most common pharmacological treatment for type 2 diabetes. It is considered safe but has been associated with the development of lactic acidosis under circumstances where plasma concentrations exceed therapeutic levels. Metformin-induced lactic acidosis has been linked to the drug’s toxic effect on mitochondrial function. Current treatment strategies aim to remove the drug and correct for the acidosis. With a mortality of 20%, complementary treatment strategies are needed. In this study, it was investigated whether targeting mitochondria with pharmacological agents that bypass metformin-induced mitochondrial dysfunction can counteract the energetic deficit linked to toxic doses of metformin. Methods The redox agent methylene blue and the cell-permeable succinate prodrug NV118 were evaluated by measuring mitochondrial respiration and lactate production of human platelets exposed to metformin and co-treated with either of the two pharmacological bypass agents. Results The cell-permeable succinate prodrug NV118 increased mitochondrial respiration which was linked to phosphorylation by the ATP-synthase and alleviated the increase in lactate production induced by toxic doses of metformin. The redox agent methylene blue, in contrast, failed to mitigate the metformin-induced changes in mitochondrial respiration and lactate generation. Conclusions The cell-permeable succinate prodrug NV118 bypassed the mitochondrial dysfunction and counteracted the energy deficit associated with toxic doses of metformin. If similar effects of NV118 prove translatable to an in vivo effect, this pharmacological strategy presents as a promising complementary treatment for patients with metformin-induced lactic acidosis. |
topic |
Cell-permeable succinate Human platelets Lactic acidosis Metformin Methylene blue Mitochondrial respiration |
url |
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40635-018-0186-1 |
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