Assessment of left ventricular energy loss using vector flow mapping in patients with stages 1–3 chronic kidney disease
Abstract Background Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) experience abnormality of intracardiac blood flow status during early-stages of disease. Left ventricular energy loss (EL) derived from vector flow mapping (VFM) represents fluid energy lost as heat in left ventricle and had been used to...
Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
BMC
2020-08-01
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Series: | BMC Cardiovascular Disorders |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12872-020-01640-9 |