Maternal Choline and Betaine Supplementation Modifies the Placental Response to Hyperglycemia in Mice and Human Trophoblasts
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is characterized by excessive placental fat and glucose transport, resulting in fetal overgrowth. Earlier we demonstrated that maternal choline supplementation normalizes fetal growth in GDM mice at mid-gestation. In this study, we further assess how choline and i...
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doaj-beecaf322cd9436996047ba94957a0072020-11-24T22:23:08ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432018-10-011010150710.3390/nu10101507nu10101507Maternal Choline and Betaine Supplementation Modifies the Placental Response to Hyperglycemia in Mice and Human TrophoblastsKhatia Nanobashvili0Chauntelle Jack-Roberts1Rachel Bretter2Naudia Jones3Kathleen Axen4Anjana Saxena5Kali Blain6Xinyin Jiang7Department of Health and Nutrition Sciences, Brooklyn College of the City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY 11210, USADepartment of Health and Nutrition Sciences, Brooklyn College of the City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY 11210, USADepartment of Health and Nutrition Sciences, Brooklyn College of the City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY 11210, USADepartment of Health and Nutrition Sciences, Brooklyn College of the City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY 11210, USADepartment of Health and Nutrition Sciences, Brooklyn College of the City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY 11210, USADepartment of Biology, Brooklyn College of the City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY 11210, USAPacker Collegiate Institute, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USADepartment of Health and Nutrition Sciences, Brooklyn College of the City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY 11210, USAGestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is characterized by excessive placental fat and glucose transport, resulting in fetal overgrowth. Earlier we demonstrated that maternal choline supplementation normalizes fetal growth in GDM mice at mid-gestation. In this study, we further assess how choline and its oxidation product betaine influence determinants of placental nutrient transport in GDM mice and human trophoblasts. C57BL/6J mice were fed a high-fat (HF) diet 4 weeks prior to and during pregnancy to induce GDM or fed a control normal fat (NF) diet. The HF mice also received 25 mM choline, 85 mM betaine, or control drinking water. We observed that GDM mice had an expanded placental junctional zone with an increased area of glycogen cells, while the thickness of the placental labyrinth zone was decreased at E17.5 compared to NF control mice (p < 0.05). Choline and betaine supplementation alleviated these morphological changes in GDM placentas. In parallel, both choline and betaine supplementation significantly reduced glucose accretion (p < 0.05) in in vitro assays where the human choriocarcinoma BeWo cells were cultured in high (35.5 mM) or normal (5.5 mM) glucose conditions. Expression of angiogenic genes was minimally altered by choline or betaine supplementation in either model. In conclusion, both choline and betaine modified some but not all determinants of placental transport in response to hyperglycemia in mouse and in vitro human cell line models.http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/10/10/1507cholinebetainegestational diabetesplacental morphologynutrient transportvasculature |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Khatia Nanobashvili Chauntelle Jack-Roberts Rachel Bretter Naudia Jones Kathleen Axen Anjana Saxena Kali Blain Xinyin Jiang |
spellingShingle |
Khatia Nanobashvili Chauntelle Jack-Roberts Rachel Bretter Naudia Jones Kathleen Axen Anjana Saxena Kali Blain Xinyin Jiang Maternal Choline and Betaine Supplementation Modifies the Placental Response to Hyperglycemia in Mice and Human Trophoblasts Nutrients choline betaine gestational diabetes placental morphology nutrient transport vasculature |
author_facet |
Khatia Nanobashvili Chauntelle Jack-Roberts Rachel Bretter Naudia Jones Kathleen Axen Anjana Saxena Kali Blain Xinyin Jiang |
author_sort |
Khatia Nanobashvili |
title |
Maternal Choline and Betaine Supplementation Modifies the Placental Response to Hyperglycemia in Mice and Human Trophoblasts |
title_short |
Maternal Choline and Betaine Supplementation Modifies the Placental Response to Hyperglycemia in Mice and Human Trophoblasts |
title_full |
Maternal Choline and Betaine Supplementation Modifies the Placental Response to Hyperglycemia in Mice and Human Trophoblasts |
title_fullStr |
Maternal Choline and Betaine Supplementation Modifies the Placental Response to Hyperglycemia in Mice and Human Trophoblasts |
title_full_unstemmed |
Maternal Choline and Betaine Supplementation Modifies the Placental Response to Hyperglycemia in Mice and Human Trophoblasts |
title_sort |
maternal choline and betaine supplementation modifies the placental response to hyperglycemia in mice and human trophoblasts |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Nutrients |
issn |
2072-6643 |
publishDate |
2018-10-01 |
description |
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is characterized by excessive placental fat and glucose transport, resulting in fetal overgrowth. Earlier we demonstrated that maternal choline supplementation normalizes fetal growth in GDM mice at mid-gestation. In this study, we further assess how choline and its oxidation product betaine influence determinants of placental nutrient transport in GDM mice and human trophoblasts. C57BL/6J mice were fed a high-fat (HF) diet 4 weeks prior to and during pregnancy to induce GDM or fed a control normal fat (NF) diet. The HF mice also received 25 mM choline, 85 mM betaine, or control drinking water. We observed that GDM mice had an expanded placental junctional zone with an increased area of glycogen cells, while the thickness of the placental labyrinth zone was decreased at E17.5 compared to NF control mice (p < 0.05). Choline and betaine supplementation alleviated these morphological changes in GDM placentas. In parallel, both choline and betaine supplementation significantly reduced glucose accretion (p < 0.05) in in vitro assays where the human choriocarcinoma BeWo cells were cultured in high (35.5 mM) or normal (5.5 mM) glucose conditions. Expression of angiogenic genes was minimally altered by choline or betaine supplementation in either model. In conclusion, both choline and betaine modified some but not all determinants of placental transport in response to hyperglycemia in mouse and in vitro human cell line models. |
topic |
choline betaine gestational diabetes placental morphology nutrient transport vasculature |
url |
http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/10/10/1507 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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