Aberrant Methylation of LINE-1 Transposable Elements: A Search for Cancer Biomarkers
Cancer remains one of the main causes of human mortality despite significant progress in its diagnostics and therapy achieved in the past decade. Massive hypomethylation of retrotransposons, in particular LINE-1, is considered a hallmark of most malignant transformations as it results in the reactiv...
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doaj-c0e74a0fccb64a2e8e87a168fc2fb06b2020-11-25T03:43:14ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092020-09-0192017201710.3390/cells9092017Aberrant Methylation of LINE-1 Transposable Elements: A Search for Cancer BiomarkersAnastasia A. Ponomaryova0Elena Y. Rykova1Polina A. Gervas2Nadezhda V. Cherdyntseva3Ilgar Z. Mamedov4Tatyana L. Azhikina5Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, 634009 Tomsk, RussiaInstitute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, RussiaCancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, 634009 Tomsk, RussiaCancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, 634009 Tomsk, RussiaShemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, RussiaShemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, RussiaCancer remains one of the main causes of human mortality despite significant progress in its diagnostics and therapy achieved in the past decade. Massive hypomethylation of retrotransposons, in particular LINE-1, is considered a hallmark of most malignant transformations as it results in the reactivation of retroelements and subsequent genomic instability. Accumulating data on LINE-1 aberrant methylation in different tumor types indicates its significant role in cancer initiation and progression. However, direct evidence that LINE-1 activation can be used as a cancer biomarker is still limited. The objective of this review was to critically evaluate the published results regarding the diagnostic/prognostic potential of the LINE-1 methylation status in cancer. Our analysis indicates that LINE-1 hypomethylation is a promising candidate biomarker of cancer development, which, however, needs validation in both clinical and laboratory studies to confirm its applicability to different cancer types and/or stages. As LINE-1 is present in multiple cell-free copies in blood, it has advantages over single-copy genes regarding perspectives of using its methylation status as an epigenetic cancer biomarker for cell-free DNA liquid biopsy.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/9/9/2017LINE-1 (L1)epigenetic cancer biomarkerDNA methylationcell-free DNA |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Anastasia A. Ponomaryova Elena Y. Rykova Polina A. Gervas Nadezhda V. Cherdyntseva Ilgar Z. Mamedov Tatyana L. Azhikina |
spellingShingle |
Anastasia A. Ponomaryova Elena Y. Rykova Polina A. Gervas Nadezhda V. Cherdyntseva Ilgar Z. Mamedov Tatyana L. Azhikina Aberrant Methylation of LINE-1 Transposable Elements: A Search for Cancer Biomarkers Cells LINE-1 (L1) epigenetic cancer biomarker DNA methylation cell-free DNA |
author_facet |
Anastasia A. Ponomaryova Elena Y. Rykova Polina A. Gervas Nadezhda V. Cherdyntseva Ilgar Z. Mamedov Tatyana L. Azhikina |
author_sort |
Anastasia A. Ponomaryova |
title |
Aberrant Methylation of LINE-1 Transposable Elements: A Search for Cancer Biomarkers |
title_short |
Aberrant Methylation of LINE-1 Transposable Elements: A Search for Cancer Biomarkers |
title_full |
Aberrant Methylation of LINE-1 Transposable Elements: A Search for Cancer Biomarkers |
title_fullStr |
Aberrant Methylation of LINE-1 Transposable Elements: A Search for Cancer Biomarkers |
title_full_unstemmed |
Aberrant Methylation of LINE-1 Transposable Elements: A Search for Cancer Biomarkers |
title_sort |
aberrant methylation of line-1 transposable elements: a search for cancer biomarkers |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Cells |
issn |
2073-4409 |
publishDate |
2020-09-01 |
description |
Cancer remains one of the main causes of human mortality despite significant progress in its diagnostics and therapy achieved in the past decade. Massive hypomethylation of retrotransposons, in particular LINE-1, is considered a hallmark of most malignant transformations as it results in the reactivation of retroelements and subsequent genomic instability. Accumulating data on LINE-1 aberrant methylation in different tumor types indicates its significant role in cancer initiation and progression. However, direct evidence that LINE-1 activation can be used as a cancer biomarker is still limited. The objective of this review was to critically evaluate the published results regarding the diagnostic/prognostic potential of the LINE-1 methylation status in cancer. Our analysis indicates that LINE-1 hypomethylation is a promising candidate biomarker of cancer development, which, however, needs validation in both clinical and laboratory studies to confirm its applicability to different cancer types and/or stages. As LINE-1 is present in multiple cell-free copies in blood, it has advantages over single-copy genes regarding perspectives of using its methylation status as an epigenetic cancer biomarker for cell-free DNA liquid biopsy. |
topic |
LINE-1 (L1) epigenetic cancer biomarker DNA methylation cell-free DNA |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/9/9/2017 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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