Bioactive Compounds Produced by the Accompanying Microflora in Bulgarian Yoghurt
Bulgarian yoghurt is associated with health benefits and longevity of consumers. The specific microflora producing bioactive metabolites is responsible for this effect. The present study examines the biodiversity in four homemade yoghurts from regions containing endemic microflora. Metagenome sequen...
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doaj-c15c531091bf44a0a8503e5e541688f42021-01-08T00:04:04ZengMDPI AGProcesses2227-97172021-01-01911411410.3390/pr9010114Bioactive Compounds Produced by the Accompanying Microflora in Bulgarian YoghurtIvan Ivanov0Kaloyan Petrov1Valentin Lozanov2Iassen Hristov3Zhengjun Wu4Zhenmin Liu5Penka Petrova6Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bontchev Str., bl. 26, 1113 Sofia, BulgariaInstitute of Chemical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bontchev Str., bl. 103, 1113 Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Sofia, 1000 Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Sofia, 1000 Sofia, BulgariaState Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology, Dairy Research Institute, Bright Dairy & Food Co., Ltd, 201103 Shanghai, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology, Dairy Research Institute, Bright Dairy & Food Co., Ltd, 201103 Shanghai, ChinaInstitute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bontchev Str., bl. 26, 1113 Sofia, BulgariaBulgarian yoghurt is associated with health benefits and longevity of consumers. The specific microflora producing bioactive metabolites is responsible for this effect. The present study examines the biodiversity in four homemade yoghurts from regions containing endemic microflora. Metagenome sequencing indicated <i>Lactobacillus delbrueckii </i>subsp.<i> bulgaricus </i>and <i>Streptococcus thermophilus</i> were predominant in all samples. In addition, yoghurts contained accompanying lactic acid bacteria (LAB) including <i>Lacticaseibacillus paracasei</i>,<i> Lb. helveticus</i>,<i> Limosilactobacillus fermentum</i>,<i> Lb. rhamnosus, Lactococcus lactis</i>,<i> Pediococcus acidilactici</i>,<i> Leuconostoc mesenteroides</i>, and <i>Leuc. pseudomesenteroides</i>. A negligible amount of pollutant strains was found. Twenty-four LAB strains were isolated from the yoghurts and identified. <i>Lb. delbrueckii </i>subsp.<i> bulgaricus</i> strains were genotyped by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA–PCR (RAPD), multi-locus sequence typing (MLST), and pulse field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), which demonstrated their uniqueness and non-commercial origin. To estimate the bioactive metabolites produced by the accompanying microflora, yoghurts fermented by single LAB strains were analyzed using liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The fermented samples contained large amounts of free essential amino acids (arginine, citrulline, tryptophan, lysine, and histidine), the neuroprotector indole-3-propionic acid (IPA), and significant quantities of the cyclic antimicrobial peptides cyclo(phenylalanyl-prolyl) and cyclo(leucyloprolyl). The disclosure of these special qualities draws attention to the accompanying microflora as a source of potential probiotic strains that can fortify the yoghurts’ content with bioactive compounds.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9717/9/1/114Bulgarian yoghurt<i>Lactobacillus bulgaricus</i><i>Streptococcus thermophilus</i>metagenomicsRAPDMLST |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Ivan Ivanov Kaloyan Petrov Valentin Lozanov Iassen Hristov Zhengjun Wu Zhenmin Liu Penka Petrova |
spellingShingle |
Ivan Ivanov Kaloyan Petrov Valentin Lozanov Iassen Hristov Zhengjun Wu Zhenmin Liu Penka Petrova Bioactive Compounds Produced by the Accompanying Microflora in Bulgarian Yoghurt Processes Bulgarian yoghurt <i>Lactobacillus bulgaricus</i> <i>Streptococcus thermophilus</i> metagenomics RAPD MLST |
author_facet |
Ivan Ivanov Kaloyan Petrov Valentin Lozanov Iassen Hristov Zhengjun Wu Zhenmin Liu Penka Petrova |
author_sort |
Ivan Ivanov |
title |
Bioactive Compounds Produced by the Accompanying Microflora in Bulgarian Yoghurt |
title_short |
Bioactive Compounds Produced by the Accompanying Microflora in Bulgarian Yoghurt |
title_full |
Bioactive Compounds Produced by the Accompanying Microflora in Bulgarian Yoghurt |
title_fullStr |
Bioactive Compounds Produced by the Accompanying Microflora in Bulgarian Yoghurt |
title_full_unstemmed |
Bioactive Compounds Produced by the Accompanying Microflora in Bulgarian Yoghurt |
title_sort |
bioactive compounds produced by the accompanying microflora in bulgarian yoghurt |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Processes |
issn |
2227-9717 |
publishDate |
2021-01-01 |
description |
Bulgarian yoghurt is associated with health benefits and longevity of consumers. The specific microflora producing bioactive metabolites is responsible for this effect. The present study examines the biodiversity in four homemade yoghurts from regions containing endemic microflora. Metagenome sequencing indicated <i>Lactobacillus delbrueckii </i>subsp.<i> bulgaricus </i>and <i>Streptococcus thermophilus</i> were predominant in all samples. In addition, yoghurts contained accompanying lactic acid bacteria (LAB) including <i>Lacticaseibacillus paracasei</i>,<i> Lb. helveticus</i>,<i> Limosilactobacillus fermentum</i>,<i> Lb. rhamnosus, Lactococcus lactis</i>,<i> Pediococcus acidilactici</i>,<i> Leuconostoc mesenteroides</i>, and <i>Leuc. pseudomesenteroides</i>. A negligible amount of pollutant strains was found. Twenty-four LAB strains were isolated from the yoghurts and identified. <i>Lb. delbrueckii </i>subsp.<i> bulgaricus</i> strains were genotyped by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA–PCR (RAPD), multi-locus sequence typing (MLST), and pulse field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), which demonstrated their uniqueness and non-commercial origin. To estimate the bioactive metabolites produced by the accompanying microflora, yoghurts fermented by single LAB strains were analyzed using liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The fermented samples contained large amounts of free essential amino acids (arginine, citrulline, tryptophan, lysine, and histidine), the neuroprotector indole-3-propionic acid (IPA), and significant quantities of the cyclic antimicrobial peptides cyclo(phenylalanyl-prolyl) and cyclo(leucyloprolyl). The disclosure of these special qualities draws attention to the accompanying microflora as a source of potential probiotic strains that can fortify the yoghurts’ content with bioactive compounds. |
topic |
Bulgarian yoghurt <i>Lactobacillus bulgaricus</i> <i>Streptococcus thermophilus</i> metagenomics RAPD MLST |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9717/9/1/114 |
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