Energetic-Materials-Driven Synthesis of Graphene-Encapsulated Tin Oxide Nanoparticles for Sodium-Ion Batteries

Energetic-Materials-Driven Synthesis of Graphene-Encapsulated Tin Oxide Nanoparticles for Sodium-Ion Batteries

By evenly mixing polytetrafluoroethylene-silicon energetic materials (PTFE-Si EMs) with tin oxide (SnO<sub>2</sub>) particles, we demonstrate a direct synthesis of graphene-encapsulated SnO<sub>2</sub> (Gr-SnO<sub>2</sub>) nanoparticles through the self-propagated...

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Main Authors: Yingchun Wang, Jinxu Liu, Min Yang, Lijuan Hou, Tingting Xu, Shukui Li, Zhihua Zhuang, Chuan He
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2021-05-01
Series:Materials
Subjects:
sodium-ion batteries
graphene
core-shell structure
energetic materials
tin oxide
nanomaterials
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/10/2550
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spelling doaj-c1d118ae364c4c9393e8819c5e999bb82021-06-01T00:02:27ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442021-05-01142550255010.3390/ma14102550Energetic-Materials-Driven Synthesis of Graphene-Encapsulated Tin Oxide Nanoparticles for Sodium-Ion BatteriesYingchun Wang0Jinxu Liu1Min Yang2Lijuan Hou3Tingting Xu4Shukui Li5Zhihua Zhuang6Chuan He7School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, ChinaSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, ChinaSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, ChinaKey Laboratory of Materials Physics of Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, ChinaKey Laboratory of Materials Physics of Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, ChinaSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, ChinaSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, ChinaSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, ChinaBy evenly mixing polytetrafluoroethylene-silicon energetic materials (PTFE-Si EMs) with tin oxide (SnO<sub>2</sub>) particles, we demonstrate a direct synthesis of graphene-encapsulated SnO<sub>2</sub> (Gr-SnO<sub>2</sub>) nanoparticles through the self-propagated exothermic reaction of the EMs. The highly exothermic reaction of the PTFE-Si EMs released a huge amount of heat that induced an instantaneous temperature rise at the reaction zone, and the rapid expansion of the gaseous SiF<sub>4</sub> product provided a high-speed gas flow for dispersing the molten particles into finer nanoscale particles. Furthermore, the reaction of the PTFE-NPs with Si resulted in a simultaneous synthesis of graphene that encapsulated the SnO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles in order to form the core-shell nanostructure. As sodium storage material, the graphene-encapsulated SnO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles exhibit a good cycling performance, superior rate capability, and a high initial Coulombic efficiency of 85.3%. This proves the effectiveness of our approach for the scalable synthesis of core-shell-structured graphene-encapsulated nanomaterials.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/10/2550sodium-ion batteriesgraphenecore-shell structureenergetic materialstin oxidenanomaterials
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Yingchun Wang
Jinxu Liu
Min Yang
Lijuan Hou
Tingting Xu
Shukui Li
Zhihua Zhuang
Chuan He
spellingShingle Yingchun Wang
Jinxu Liu
Min Yang
Lijuan Hou
Tingting Xu
Shukui Li
Zhihua Zhuang
Chuan He
Energetic-Materials-Driven Synthesis of Graphene-Encapsulated Tin Oxide Nanoparticles for Sodium-Ion Batteries
Materials
sodium-ion batteries
graphene
core-shell structure
energetic materials
tin oxide
nanomaterials
author_facet Yingchun Wang
Jinxu Liu
Min Yang
Lijuan Hou
Tingting Xu
Shukui Li
Zhihua Zhuang
Chuan He
author_sort Yingchun Wang
title Energetic-Materials-Driven Synthesis of Graphene-Encapsulated Tin Oxide Nanoparticles for Sodium-Ion Batteries
title_short Energetic-Materials-Driven Synthesis of Graphene-Encapsulated Tin Oxide Nanoparticles for Sodium-Ion Batteries
title_full Energetic-Materials-Driven Synthesis of Graphene-Encapsulated Tin Oxide Nanoparticles for Sodium-Ion Batteries
title_fullStr Energetic-Materials-Driven Synthesis of Graphene-Encapsulated Tin Oxide Nanoparticles for Sodium-Ion Batteries
title_full_unstemmed Energetic-Materials-Driven Synthesis of Graphene-Encapsulated Tin Oxide Nanoparticles for Sodium-Ion Batteries
title_sort energetic-materials-driven synthesis of graphene-encapsulated tin oxide nanoparticles for sodium-ion batteries
publisher MDPI AG
series Materials
issn 1996-1944
publishDate 2021-05-01
description By evenly mixing polytetrafluoroethylene-silicon energetic materials (PTFE-Si EMs) with tin oxide (SnO<sub>2</sub>) particles, we demonstrate a direct synthesis of graphene-encapsulated SnO<sub>2</sub> (Gr-SnO<sub>2</sub>) nanoparticles through the self-propagated exothermic reaction of the EMs. The highly exothermic reaction of the PTFE-Si EMs released a huge amount of heat that induced an instantaneous temperature rise at the reaction zone, and the rapid expansion of the gaseous SiF<sub>4</sub> product provided a high-speed gas flow for dispersing the molten particles into finer nanoscale particles. Furthermore, the reaction of the PTFE-NPs with Si resulted in a simultaneous synthesis of graphene that encapsulated the SnO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles in order to form the core-shell nanostructure. As sodium storage material, the graphene-encapsulated SnO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles exhibit a good cycling performance, superior rate capability, and a high initial Coulombic efficiency of 85.3%. This proves the effectiveness of our approach for the scalable synthesis of core-shell-structured graphene-encapsulated nanomaterials.
topic sodium-ion batteries
graphene
core-shell structure
energetic materials
tin oxide
nanomaterials
url https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/10/2550
work_keys_str_mv AT yingchunwang energeticmaterialsdrivensynthesisofgrapheneencapsulatedtinoxidenanoparticlesforsodiumionbatteries
AT jinxuliu energeticmaterialsdrivensynthesisofgrapheneencapsulatedtinoxidenanoparticlesforsodiumionbatteries
AT minyang energeticmaterialsdrivensynthesisofgrapheneencapsulatedtinoxidenanoparticlesforsodiumionbatteries
AT lijuanhou energeticmaterialsdrivensynthesisofgrapheneencapsulatedtinoxidenanoparticlesforsodiumionbatteries
AT tingtingxu energeticmaterialsdrivensynthesisofgrapheneencapsulatedtinoxidenanoparticlesforsodiumionbatteries
AT shukuili energeticmaterialsdrivensynthesisofgrapheneencapsulatedtinoxidenanoparticlesforsodiumionbatteries
AT zhihuazhuang energeticmaterialsdrivensynthesisofgrapheneencapsulatedtinoxidenanoparticlesforsodiumionbatteries
AT chuanhe energeticmaterialsdrivensynthesisofgrapheneencapsulatedtinoxidenanoparticlesforsodiumionbatteries
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