Urinary Cadmium Threshold to Prevent Kidney Disease Development

Urinary Cadmium Threshold to Prevent Kidney Disease Development

The frequently observed association between kidney toxicity and long-term cadmium (Cd) exposure has long been dismissed and deemed not to be of clinical relevance. However, Cd exposure has now been associated with increased risk of developing chronic kidney disease (CKD). We investigated the link th...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Soisungwan Satarug, Werawan Ruangyuttikarn, Muneko Nishijo, Patricia Ruiz
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2018-05-01
Series:Toxics
Subjects:
β2-microglobulin
cadmium
chronic kidney disease
clinical kidney function measure
estimated glomerular filtration rate
N-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase
population health
tubular dysfunction
toxicity threshold limit
urine protein
Online Access:http://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/6/2/26

Internet

http://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/6/2/26

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