Helical antifreeze proteins have independently evolved in fishes on four occasions.

Alanine-rich α-helical (type I) antifreeze proteins (AFPs) are produced by a variety of fish species from three different orders to protect against freezing in icy seawater. Interspersed amongst and within these orders are fishes making AFPs that are completely different in both sequence and structu...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Laurie A Graham, Rod S Hobbs, Garth L Fletcher, Peter L Davies
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2013-01-01
Series:PLoS ONE
Online Access:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/24324684/?tool=EBI