Mind the replication gap
Unlike bacteria, mammalian cells need to complete DNA replication before segregating their chromosomes for the maintenance of genome integrity. Thus, cells have evolved efficient pathways to restore stalled and/or collapsed replication forks during S-phase, and when necessary, also to delay cell cyc...
Main Authors: | , |
---|---|
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
The Royal Society
2021-06-01
|
Series: | Royal Society Open Science |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rsos.201932 |
id |
doaj-caac43cb1cea4665a07435b4a110c125 |
---|---|
record_format |
Article |
spelling |
doaj-caac43cb1cea4665a07435b4a110c1252021-06-10T08:59:04ZengThe Royal SocietyRoyal Society Open Science2054-57032021-06-018610.1098/rsos.201932Mind the replication gapCamelia Mocanu0Kok-Lung Chan1Chromosome Dynamics and Stability Group, Genome Damage and Stability Centre, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 7BG, UKChromosome Dynamics and Stability Group, Genome Damage and Stability Centre, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 7BG, UKUnlike bacteria, mammalian cells need to complete DNA replication before segregating their chromosomes for the maintenance of genome integrity. Thus, cells have evolved efficient pathways to restore stalled and/or collapsed replication forks during S-phase, and when necessary, also to delay cell cycle progression to ensure replication completion. However, strong evidence shows that cells can proceed to mitosis with incompletely replicated DNA when under mild replication stress (RS) conditions. Consequently, the incompletely replicated genomic gaps form, predominantly at common fragile site regions, where the converging fork-like DNA structures accumulate. These branched structures pose a severe threat to the faithful disjunction of chromosomes as they physically interlink the partially duplicated sister chromatids. In this review, we provide an overview discussing how cells respond and deal with the under-replicated DNA structures that escape from the S/G2 surveillance system. We also focus on recent research of a mitotic break-induced replication pathway (also known as mitotic DNA repair synthesis), which has been proposed to operate during prophase in an attempt to finish DNA synthesis at the under-replicated genomic regions. Finally, we discuss recent data on how mild RS may cause chromosome instability and mutations that accelerate cancer genome evolution.https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rsos.201932replication stresscommon fragile sitesmitotic DNA repair synthesisbreak-induced replicationultrafine DNA bridgeschromosome instability |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Camelia Mocanu Kok-Lung Chan |
spellingShingle |
Camelia Mocanu Kok-Lung Chan Mind the replication gap Royal Society Open Science replication stress common fragile sites mitotic DNA repair synthesis break-induced replication ultrafine DNA bridges chromosome instability |
author_facet |
Camelia Mocanu Kok-Lung Chan |
author_sort |
Camelia Mocanu |
title |
Mind the replication gap |
title_short |
Mind the replication gap |
title_full |
Mind the replication gap |
title_fullStr |
Mind the replication gap |
title_full_unstemmed |
Mind the replication gap |
title_sort |
mind the replication gap |
publisher |
The Royal Society |
series |
Royal Society Open Science |
issn |
2054-5703 |
publishDate |
2021-06-01 |
description |
Unlike bacteria, mammalian cells need to complete DNA replication before segregating their chromosomes for the maintenance of genome integrity. Thus, cells have evolved efficient pathways to restore stalled and/or collapsed replication forks during S-phase, and when necessary, also to delay cell cycle progression to ensure replication completion. However, strong evidence shows that cells can proceed to mitosis with incompletely replicated DNA when under mild replication stress (RS) conditions. Consequently, the incompletely replicated genomic gaps form, predominantly at common fragile site regions, where the converging fork-like DNA structures accumulate. These branched structures pose a severe threat to the faithful disjunction of chromosomes as they physically interlink the partially duplicated sister chromatids. In this review, we provide an overview discussing how cells respond and deal with the under-replicated DNA structures that escape from the S/G2 surveillance system. We also focus on recent research of a mitotic break-induced replication pathway (also known as mitotic DNA repair synthesis), which has been proposed to operate during prophase in an attempt to finish DNA synthesis at the under-replicated genomic regions. Finally, we discuss recent data on how mild RS may cause chromosome instability and mutations that accelerate cancer genome evolution. |
topic |
replication stress common fragile sites mitotic DNA repair synthesis break-induced replication ultrafine DNA bridges chromosome instability |
url |
https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rsos.201932 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT cameliamocanu mindthereplicationgap AT koklungchan mindthereplicationgap |
_version_ |
1721385303565926400 |