Objective assessment of alcohol consumption in early pregnancy using phosphatidylethanol: a cross‐sectional study
Abstract Background Alcohol consumption during pregnancy is associated with major birth defects and developmental disabilities. Questionnaires concerning alcohol consumption during pregnancy underestimate alcohol use while the use of a reliable and objective biomarker for alcohol consumption enables...
Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
BMC
2021-04-01
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Series: | BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-021-03804-7 |