CS-semi5 Inhibits NF-κB Activation to Block Synovial Inflammation, Cartilage Loss and Bone Erosion Associated With Collagen-Induced Arthritis

• Main Authors: Xiang Li, Xiaonan Tang, Yufei Wang, Changwei Chai, Zhehui Zhao, Haijing Zhang, Ying Peng, Lianqiu Wu
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-07-01
• Series: Frontiers in Pharmacology
• Subjects: rheumatoid arthritis; synovial inflammation; cartilage erosion; bone loss; chondroitin sulfate
• Online Access: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2021.655101/full

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, systemic autoimmune disease that affects 1% of the population. CS-semi5 is a semisynthetic chondroitin sulfate. In this study, CS-semi5 was shown to have positive effects on a model of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). CS-semi5 treatment had obvious effects on weight loss and paw swelling in CIA mice. Post-treatment analysis revealed that CS-semi5 alleviated three main pathologies (i.e., synovial inflammation, cartilage erosion and bone loss) in a dose-dependent manner. Further study showed that CS-semi5 could effectively reduce TNF‐α and IL‐1β production in activated macrophages via the NF‐κB pathway. CS-semi5 also blocked RANKL-trigged osteoclast differentiation from macrophages. Therefore, CS-semi5 may effectively ameliorate synovial inflammation, cartilage erosion and bone loss in RA through NF-κB deactivation.