The effectiveness of low-level laser therapy on controlling pain and discomfort during separator placement before fixation of orthodontic appliances

The effectiveness of low-level laser therapy on controlling pain and discomfort during separator placement before fixation of orthodontic appliances

Background: Pain and discomfort are the most common sequel of orthodontic treatment both before and after separator placement. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on pain and discomfort control during separator placement before orthodontic fixed...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Sahar Abdelatif Muctar, Ali Abdelrahman Marouf, Elhadi Mohieldin Awooda
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications 2021-01-01
Series:Indian Journal of Pain
Subjects:
diode laser
low power laser
orthodontic treatment
pain intensity
Online Access:http://www.indianjpain.org/article.asp?issn=0970-5333;year=2021;volume=35;issue=1;spage=52;epage=56;aulast=Muctar

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http://www.indianjpain.org/article.asp?issn=0970-5333;year=2021;volume=35;issue=1;spage=52;epage=56;aulast=Muctar

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