Effects of epigallocatechin-3-gallate combined with ascorbic acid and glycerol on the stability and uric acid-lowering activity of epigallocatechin-3-gallate
Context Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is unstable and easily oxidized, which limits its applications. Ascorbic acid (Vc) is a natural antioxidant. Objective The effects of EGCG combined with Vc and glycerol on stability and uric acid-lowering activity of EGCG were examined. Materials and methods...
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13880209.2021.1878235 |
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doaj-e3fc40cd1dee43aab08a45b081849a762021-02-18T10:31:38ZengTaylor & Francis GroupPharmaceutical Biology1388-02091744-51162021-01-0159115716610.1080/13880209.2021.18782351878235Effects of epigallocatechin-3-gallate combined with ascorbic acid and glycerol on the stability and uric acid-lowering activity of epigallocatechin-3-gallateQianjin Xie0Xiaqiang Cai1Xu Dong2Ying Wang3Minghui Sun4Lingling Tai5Yan Xu6State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural UniversityState Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural UniversityState Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural UniversityState Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural UniversityState Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural UniversityState Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural UniversityState Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural UniversityContext Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is unstable and easily oxidized, which limits its applications. Ascorbic acid (Vc) is a natural antioxidant. Objective The effects of EGCG combined with Vc and glycerol on stability and uric acid-lowering activity of EGCG were examined. Materials and methods EGCG (aqueous solution), EGCG + Vc (aqueous solution), EGCG (glycerol solution) and EGCG + Vc (glycerol solution) were prepared and incubated under different conditions in vitro. The recovery rate of EGCG was calculated by HPLC. Kunming mice were randomly divided into normal control group, model group, allopurinol (5 mg/kg), EGCG (10 mg/kg), EGCG + Vc (both 10 mg/kg), EGCG (10 mg/kg) + glycerol (60%), and EGCG (10 mg/kg) + Vc (10 mg/kg) + glycerol (60%) (n = 6). Allopurinol was injected intraperitoneally to mice, others were administered intragastrically to (2 cases) mice. All mice were continuously administrated for 7 days, once a day. Results EGCG recovery rates of EGCG group and EGCG + Vc + glycerol group respectively reached to 32.34 ± 1.86% and 98.90 ± 0.64% when they were incubated for 4 h at 80 °C. EGCG recovery rates reached to 91.82 ± 5.13% (incubated for 6 h at pH 8) and 88.85 ± 2.63% (incubated for 4 h in simulated intestinal fluid) when EGCG incubated with Vc and glycerol. Compared with the model group, UA values of EGCG + Vc + glycerol group reduced by 43.49% while EGCG group reduced by 25.63%. The activities of xanthine oxidase (XOD, 31.41 U/gprot) and adenosine deaminase (ADA, 10.05 U/mgprot), and the mRNA expression levels of glucose transporter 9 (GLUT9, 1.03) and urate transporter 1 (URAT1, 0.44) in EGCG + Vc + glycerol group were notably lower than those of EGCG group (38.12 U/gprot, 13.16 U/mgprot, 1.54, and 0.55). The mRNA expression levels of ATP-binding cassette superfamily G member 2 (ABCG2, 1.39) and organic anion transport 1/2 (OAT1/2, 2.34, 2.53) in EGCG + Vc + glycerol group were notably higher than those of EGCG group (0.57, 1.13, and 1.16). Discussion and conclusions Our findings suggest that when EGCG used in combination with Vc and glycerol could effectively increase its biology activities and can be generalized to the broader pharmacological studies. This sheds light on the development and application of EGCG in the fields of food and medicine.http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13880209.2021.1878235egcgvcstabilizationhyperuricaemiaserum ua |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Qianjin Xie Xiaqiang Cai Xu Dong Ying Wang Minghui Sun Lingling Tai Yan Xu |
spellingShingle |
Qianjin Xie Xiaqiang Cai Xu Dong Ying Wang Minghui Sun Lingling Tai Yan Xu Effects of epigallocatechin-3-gallate combined with ascorbic acid and glycerol on the stability and uric acid-lowering activity of epigallocatechin-3-gallate Pharmaceutical Biology egcg vc stabilization hyperuricaemia serum ua |
author_facet |
Qianjin Xie Xiaqiang Cai Xu Dong Ying Wang Minghui Sun Lingling Tai Yan Xu |
author_sort |
Qianjin Xie |
title |
Effects of epigallocatechin-3-gallate combined with ascorbic acid and glycerol on the stability and uric acid-lowering activity of epigallocatechin-3-gallate |
title_short |
Effects of epigallocatechin-3-gallate combined with ascorbic acid and glycerol on the stability and uric acid-lowering activity of epigallocatechin-3-gallate |
title_full |
Effects of epigallocatechin-3-gallate combined with ascorbic acid and glycerol on the stability and uric acid-lowering activity of epigallocatechin-3-gallate |
title_fullStr |
Effects of epigallocatechin-3-gallate combined with ascorbic acid and glycerol on the stability and uric acid-lowering activity of epigallocatechin-3-gallate |
title_full_unstemmed |
Effects of epigallocatechin-3-gallate combined with ascorbic acid and glycerol on the stability and uric acid-lowering activity of epigallocatechin-3-gallate |
title_sort |
effects of epigallocatechin-3-gallate combined with ascorbic acid and glycerol on the stability and uric acid-lowering activity of epigallocatechin-3-gallate |
publisher |
Taylor & Francis Group |
series |
Pharmaceutical Biology |
issn |
1388-0209 1744-5116 |
publishDate |
2021-01-01 |
description |
Context Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is unstable and easily oxidized, which limits its applications. Ascorbic acid (Vc) is a natural antioxidant. Objective The effects of EGCG combined with Vc and glycerol on stability and uric acid-lowering activity of EGCG were examined. Materials and methods EGCG (aqueous solution), EGCG + Vc (aqueous solution), EGCG (glycerol solution) and EGCG + Vc (glycerol solution) were prepared and incubated under different conditions in vitro. The recovery rate of EGCG was calculated by HPLC. Kunming mice were randomly divided into normal control group, model group, allopurinol (5 mg/kg), EGCG (10 mg/kg), EGCG + Vc (both 10 mg/kg), EGCG (10 mg/kg) + glycerol (60%), and EGCG (10 mg/kg) + Vc (10 mg/kg) + glycerol (60%) (n = 6). Allopurinol was injected intraperitoneally to mice, others were administered intragastrically to (2 cases) mice. All mice were continuously administrated for 7 days, once a day. Results EGCG recovery rates of EGCG group and EGCG + Vc + glycerol group respectively reached to 32.34 ± 1.86% and 98.90 ± 0.64% when they were incubated for 4 h at 80 °C. EGCG recovery rates reached to 91.82 ± 5.13% (incubated for 6 h at pH 8) and 88.85 ± 2.63% (incubated for 4 h in simulated intestinal fluid) when EGCG incubated with Vc and glycerol. Compared with the model group, UA values of EGCG + Vc + glycerol group reduced by 43.49% while EGCG group reduced by 25.63%. The activities of xanthine oxidase (XOD, 31.41 U/gprot) and adenosine deaminase (ADA, 10.05 U/mgprot), and the mRNA expression levels of glucose transporter 9 (GLUT9, 1.03) and urate transporter 1 (URAT1, 0.44) in EGCG + Vc + glycerol group were notably lower than those of EGCG group (38.12 U/gprot, 13.16 U/mgprot, 1.54, and 0.55). The mRNA expression levels of ATP-binding cassette superfamily G member 2 (ABCG2, 1.39) and organic anion transport 1/2 (OAT1/2, 2.34, 2.53) in EGCG + Vc + glycerol group were notably higher than those of EGCG group (0.57, 1.13, and 1.16). Discussion and conclusions Our findings suggest that when EGCG used in combination with Vc and glycerol could effectively increase its biology activities and can be generalized to the broader pharmacological studies. This sheds light on the development and application of EGCG in the fields of food and medicine. |
topic |
egcg vc stabilization hyperuricaemia serum ua |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13880209.2021.1878235 |
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