F-region electron heating by X-mode radiowaves in underdense conditions

Observations of modifications of the electron temperature in the F-region produced by powerful high frequency radiowaves at 4.04 MHz transmitted in X-mode are presented. The experiments were performed during quiet nighttime conditions with low ionospheric densities so no reflections occurred. El...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: H. Löfås, N. Ivchenko, B. Gustavsson, T. B. Leyser, M. T. Rietveld
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Copernicus Publications 2009-06-01
Series:Annales Geophysicae
Online Access:https://www.ann-geophys.net/27/2585/2009/angeo-27-2585-2009.pdf