Relationship between Serum 25(OH)D and Depression: Causal Evidence from a Bi-Directional Mendelian Randomization Study

Relationship between Serum 25(OH)D and Depression: Causal Evidence from a Bi-Directional Mendelian Randomization Study

The relationship between depression and vitamin D deficiency is complex, with evidence mostly from studies affected by confounding and reverse causality. We examined the causality and direction of the relationship between 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and depression in bi-directional Mendelian rando...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Anwar Mulugeta, Amanda Lumsden, Elina Hyppönen
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2021-12-01
Series:Nutrients
Subjects:
25(OH)D
nutritional vitamin D status
depression
observational analysis
Mendelian randomization
UK Biobank
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/1/109

Internet

https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/1/109

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