Kardashev’s classification at 50+: A fine vehicle with room for improvement

We review the history and status of the famous classification of extraterrestrial civilizations given by the great Russian astrophysicist Nikolai Semenovich Kardashev, roughly half a century after it has been proposed. While Kardashev’s classification (or Kardashev’s scale) has often bee...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Ćirković M.M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Astronomical Observatory, Department of Astronomy, Belgrade 2015-01-01
Series:Serbian Astronomical Journal
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.doiserbia.nb.rs/img/doi/1450-698X/2015/1450-698X1591001C.pdf