Complex Dynamics in a Minimal Model of Protection-Based Mutualism

This paper presents the first five variable model of mutualism motivated by the interaction between ants and homopterans. In this mutualism, homopterans benefit both directly through increased feeding rates and indirectly through predator protection. Results of our analyses show oscillatory, complex...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Samuel Swire, Elizabeth Pasipanodya, Manuel A. Morales, Enrique Peacock-López
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2020-03-01
Series:Axioms
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1680/9/1/26