Human Norovirus Histo-Blood Group Antigen (HBGA) Binding Sites Mediate the Virus Specific Interactions with Lettuce Carbohydrates
Lettuce is often implicated in human norovirus (HuNoV) foodborne outbreaks. We identified H-like histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs) on lettuce leaves as specific binding moieties for virus-like particles (VLPs) of HuNoV GII.4/HS194/2009 strain. The objective of this study was to determine whether Hu...
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doaj-fae81c2a42dc4a0d9e97ac366db82c992020-11-24T22:14:24ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152019-09-0111983310.3390/v11090833v11090833Human Norovirus Histo-Blood Group Antigen (HBGA) Binding Sites Mediate the Virus Specific Interactions with Lettuce CarbohydratesMalak A. Esseili0Xiang Gao1Patricia Boley2Yixuan Hou3Linda J. Saif4Paul Brewer-Jensen5Lisa C. Lindesmith6Ralph S. Baric7Robert L. Atmar8Qiuhong Wang9Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USAFood Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USAFood Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USAFood Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USAFood Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USADepartment of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7435, USADepartment of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7435, USADepartment of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7435, USADepartment of Molecular Virology and Microbiology and Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USAFood Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USALettuce is often implicated in human norovirus (HuNoV) foodborne outbreaks. We identified H-like histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs) on lettuce leaves as specific binding moieties for virus-like particles (VLPs) of HuNoV GII.4/HS194/2009 strain. The objective of this study was to determine whether HuNoV-lettuce binding is mediated through the virus HBGA binding sites (HBS). Toward this objective, VLPs of historical HuNoV GII.4 strains (1987, 1997, 2002, 2004 and 2006) with known natural mutations in their HBS, two newly generated VLP mutants of GII.4/HS194/2009 (D374A and G443A) and a VLP mutant (W375A) of GI.1/Norwalk/1968 along with its wild type VLPs, which displays distinct HBS, were investigated for their binding to lettuce. ELISA revealed that historical GII.4 strains binding to lettuce was dependent on their HBGAs profiles. The VLP mutants D374A and G443A lost binding to HBGAs and displayed no to minimal binding to lettuce, respectively. The VLPs of GI.1/Norwalk/1968 strain bound to lettuce through an H-like HBGA and the binding was inhibited by fucosidase digestion. Mutant W375A which was previously shown not to bind to HBGAs, displayed significantly reduced binding to lettuce. We conclude that the binding of HuNoV GII.4 and GI.1 strains to lettuce is mediated through the virus HBS.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/11/9/833Foodborne virusesHuman norovirusLettuceHisto-blood group antigensVirus-lettuce interactionsVirus-like particlesmutationsH-like antigensvirus HBGA-binding sites |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Malak A. Esseili Xiang Gao Patricia Boley Yixuan Hou Linda J. Saif Paul Brewer-Jensen Lisa C. Lindesmith Ralph S. Baric Robert L. Atmar Qiuhong Wang |
spellingShingle |
Malak A. Esseili Xiang Gao Patricia Boley Yixuan Hou Linda J. Saif Paul Brewer-Jensen Lisa C. Lindesmith Ralph S. Baric Robert L. Atmar Qiuhong Wang Human Norovirus Histo-Blood Group Antigen (HBGA) Binding Sites Mediate the Virus Specific Interactions with Lettuce Carbohydrates Viruses Foodborne viruses Human norovirus Lettuce Histo-blood group antigens Virus-lettuce interactions Virus-like particles mutations H-like antigens virus HBGA-binding sites |
author_facet |
Malak A. Esseili Xiang Gao Patricia Boley Yixuan Hou Linda J. Saif Paul Brewer-Jensen Lisa C. Lindesmith Ralph S. Baric Robert L. Atmar Qiuhong Wang |
author_sort |
Malak A. Esseili |
title |
Human Norovirus Histo-Blood Group Antigen (HBGA) Binding Sites Mediate the Virus Specific Interactions with Lettuce Carbohydrates |
title_short |
Human Norovirus Histo-Blood Group Antigen (HBGA) Binding Sites Mediate the Virus Specific Interactions with Lettuce Carbohydrates |
title_full |
Human Norovirus Histo-Blood Group Antigen (HBGA) Binding Sites Mediate the Virus Specific Interactions with Lettuce Carbohydrates |
title_fullStr |
Human Norovirus Histo-Blood Group Antigen (HBGA) Binding Sites Mediate the Virus Specific Interactions with Lettuce Carbohydrates |
title_full_unstemmed |
Human Norovirus Histo-Blood Group Antigen (HBGA) Binding Sites Mediate the Virus Specific Interactions with Lettuce Carbohydrates |
title_sort |
human norovirus histo-blood group antigen (hbga) binding sites mediate the virus specific interactions with lettuce carbohydrates |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Viruses |
issn |
1999-4915 |
publishDate |
2019-09-01 |
description |
Lettuce is often implicated in human norovirus (HuNoV) foodborne outbreaks. We identified H-like histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs) on lettuce leaves as specific binding moieties for virus-like particles (VLPs) of HuNoV GII.4/HS194/2009 strain. The objective of this study was to determine whether HuNoV-lettuce binding is mediated through the virus HBGA binding sites (HBS). Toward this objective, VLPs of historical HuNoV GII.4 strains (1987, 1997, 2002, 2004 and 2006) with known natural mutations in their HBS, two newly generated VLP mutants of GII.4/HS194/2009 (D374A and G443A) and a VLP mutant (W375A) of GI.1/Norwalk/1968 along with its wild type VLPs, which displays distinct HBS, were investigated for their binding to lettuce. ELISA revealed that historical GII.4 strains binding to lettuce was dependent on their HBGAs profiles. The VLP mutants D374A and G443A lost binding to HBGAs and displayed no to minimal binding to lettuce, respectively. The VLPs of GI.1/Norwalk/1968 strain bound to lettuce through an H-like HBGA and the binding was inhibited by fucosidase digestion. Mutant W375A which was previously shown not to bind to HBGAs, displayed significantly reduced binding to lettuce. We conclude that the binding of HuNoV GII.4 and GI.1 strains to lettuce is mediated through the virus HBS. |
topic |
Foodborne viruses Human norovirus Lettuce Histo-blood group antigens Virus-lettuce interactions Virus-like particles mutations H-like antigens virus HBGA-binding sites |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/11/9/833 |
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