Supercoil Levels in E. coli and Salmonella Chromosomes Are Regulated by the C-Terminal 35–38 Amino Acids of GyrA

Supercoil Levels in E. coli and Salmonella Chromosomes Are Regulated by the C-Terminal 35–38 Amino Acids of GyrA

Prokaryotes have an essential gene—gyrase—that catalyzes negative supercoiling of plasmid and chromosomal DNA. Negative supercoils influence DNA replication, transcription, homologous recombination, site-specific recombination, genetic transposition and sister chromosome segregat...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Nikolay S. Rovinskiy, Andrews A. Agbleke, Olga N. Chesnokova, N. Patrick Higgins
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2019-03-01
Series:Microorganisms
Subjects:
DNA topology is investigated that involves two types of DNA coiling
the first type is right-handed coils that Watson/Crick DNA strands adopt by winding around each other every 10.6 base pairs, the second type involves coiling of the double strands around each other in either a left handed (−) or right handed (+) direction
DNA gyrase is an enzyme with two protein subunits
GyrA and GyrB that catalyzes (−) supercoiling at the expense of ATP hydrolysis
gamma delta (γδ) resolvase is a site-specific recombinase from the γδ transposon the that utilizes (−) supercoils to delete a DNA sequence that is flanked by 100 bp Res sites
gyrase processivity refers to the number of reaction cycles one enzyme carries out in a single DNA binding event
the Q10 rule states that reaction rates double for every 10° C increase in temperature
the GyrA C-terminal domain (CTD) includes a long DNA binding section that has 6 pinwheel elements plus a short 35–38 amino acid terminus called the tail
RNA polymerase (RNAP)
the E. coli and Salmonella condensin is a multi-protein complex composed of three proteins, MukB, MukE, and MukF that compacts chromosomal DNA
Online Access:http://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/7/3/81

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