| Summary: | 隨著社會環境變遷與發展，在職進修對於公務人員已成為時代趨勢，為使公務人員在兼顧工作與課業情況下，維持良好工作表現及服務品質，本研究探討在職進修公務人員工作壓力、工作滿足與成就動機之情況，依研究結果提出相關建議，提供相關單位進行公務人員人力資源管理之參考。
本研究採取深度訪談法，訪談10名任職中央機關公務人員參與在職進修，研究發現如下：
1.公務人員在職進修之現況：（1）工作性質與工作特性是公務人員選擇在職進修方式的主要影響原因；（2）部分中央機關依規定提供進修補助，在職進修者可選擇申請公假或學分費補助。選擇學分費補助能有效減輕進修者的經濟負擔；（3）工作年資較長有利於參與進修；（4）已婚者較未婚者更需要家人的支持。
2.工作壓力之來源：主要係因工作量大或複雜度高之工作性質、長官與同事的不支持態度、課業與畢業壓力及角色衝突所造成。
3.工作滿足之情形：影響在職進修者之工作滿足感的主要因素包括：服務機關是否穩定、參與進修能否獲益、角色轉移、時間管理等；提高在職進修者工作滿足感主要有利影響因素包括：升遷的公平與開放、長官的重視與支持、機關的實質獎勵與積極支持。
4.成就動機之情況：在職進修者選擇再進修的動機，受本身內在影響與環境外在影響而有不同，進修過程中如能提高成就動機，將間接影響工作表現；提高在職進修者成就動機之主要有利影響因素包括：長官的鼓勵與肯定、組織進修文化的推動及政府終身學習之積極推行。
本研究根據研究發現，提出以下建議：
1.在減輕在職進修公務人員之工作壓力方面：（1）建議單位長官應適時予以支援及協助；（2）建議政府機關對於人力是否充足或配置適當，應定期進行診斷；（3）建議學校可配合在職進修者學習需求，延長相關設施開放時間；（4）建議學校提供更多職場所需的課程以因應在職生需求；（5）建議參與在職進修者，加強自身的英文及資訊軟體使用能力，減少進修過程之學習困擾。
2.在提昇在職進修公務人員之工作滿足方面：（1）建議政府機關應積極提升公務人員對工作的認同感；（2）建議政府機關應積極鼓勵進修，而非消極支持；（3）建議參與在職進修者應加強時間管理。
3.在加強在職進修公務人員之成就動機方面：（1）建議政府機關應提供更多元化的進修方式；（2）建議學校能提高入學考試之門檻，維持學生品質；（3）建議參與在職進修者可適時回饋服務單位；（4）建議參與在職進修者應充分了解自身學習需求並以積極態度面對工作與課業。
=== The in-service training becomes current trend for public servants with the development and evolution of our society. The study determinates how the public servants have great performance in duty during in-service training period. Therefore, the purpose of the study is to understand the stress, satisfaction and achievement motivation of the in-service training public servants to provide practical advice for the human resources management of public servants in authorities.
Ten in-service training public servants in the central governments were in-depth interviewed and the results as following:
1.The current situations of in-service public servants:
(1)The characteristic of jobs is the major factor for public servants to choose the ways of their in-service training.
(2)Some central governments can subsidize the in-service training public servants based on specific regulation. The in-service training public servants can choose to apply the official business leave or the study allowance to obtain financial aid. To choose study allowance can give them practical financial support.
(3)The public servants who have long working experience take advantage to participate in-service training.
(4)The married public servants need more family support than single.
2.The situation of job stress is caused by overloading or sophisticated work, the negative attitude of supervisors and colleague, study stress and role conflict.
3.The main factors of the situation of job satisfaction for in-service training public servants include the administration steadiness, the self-benefit, the transformation of roles, time management and so on. The main factors of increasing sense of achievement contain the fairness and disclosure of promotion, the attention and support of supervisors, the practical award and active support of governments.
4.The motivation of in-service re-training participant is influenced by internal and extrinsic factors. Work performance will be indirectly affected by improving the achievement motivation in training. The main factors of increasing the achievement motivation of in-service training persons include the encouragement and appreciation of supervisors, the promotion of in-service training and lifelong learning in government.
Based on this study to provide the following advice:
1.To alleviate the job stress of in-service training public servants:
(1)Supervisors should help and support in time.
(2)The management of human resource should be monitored by authorities regularly.
(3)School should keep open longer to tie in the request of in-service training people.
(4)School should offer more necessary course related to their job.
(5)In-service training people should improve their ability of English and information technology to make their study easier.
2.To improve the job satisfaction of in-service training people:
(1)Authorities should actively increase the professional self-identity of in-service training people.
(2)Authorities should positively encourage them to get training instead of supporting negatively.
(3)In-service training people should improve the ability of time management.
3.To enhance the achievement motivation of in-service training people:
(1)Authorities should provide much more diverse training ways.
(2)School can distinguish prospective students well based on discerning entrance examination.
(3)In-service training people should pay back to their servicing place.
(4)In-service training people should entirely understand what they need and have positive attitude to deal with work and study.
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