Dietary factors affecting the choline requirements of the grass prawn (Penaeus monodon)

• Main Authors: Wen-Hui Cho, 卓雯慧
• Other Authors: Shi-Yen Shiau
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 1999
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/06935873520577183309

碩士 === 國立海洋大學 === 食品科學系 === 87 === A series of two experiments were conducted to study the influence of dietary lipid level and betaine on the choline requirements for juvenile grass prawn, Penaeus monodon. ExperimentⅠ, 2×2 factorial design of 2 dietary lipid levels (5% and 11%) and 6 choline concentrations (0, 2,000, 5,000, 8,000, 11,000 and 14,000 mg/kg diet) trial was conducted to study the possible influence of dietary lipid levels on choline requirements of P. monodon (mean body weight 0.88±0.05 g). Each diet was fed triplicate groups of shrimp in a non-recirculated rearing system for 8 weeks. Results indicated that shrimp growth was not affected by dietary lipid level. Shrimp fed diets supplemented with 2,000, 5,000 mg and 5,000, 8,000 choline/kg diet at 5% and 11% lipid levels, respectively had significantly (P<0.05) higher weight gain than those fed other diets. Shrimp fed 0 mg choline/kg diet at 5% lipid had poorer feed conversion ratio (FCR), and protein efficiency ratio (PER) than shrimp fed all the other diets. Body moisture and ash were not affected by either lipid level or choline supplementation level, but body protein and lipid contents were lower in shrimp fed 0 and 2,000 mg choline/kg diet at 11% lipid than shirmp fed other diets. Hepatosomatic index (HSI), total lipid and triglyceride contents in hepatopancreas and cholesterol contents in hemolymph were higher in shrimp fed 0 and 2,000 mg choline/kg diet than those fed other diets, and shrimp fed 11% lipid diet were simultaneously higher than fed 5% lipid diet. In ExperimentⅡ, total of 10 diets including 8 betaine-free diets with 8 levels (0, 4,300, 5,000, 6,000, 7,000, 8,000, 10,000, 12,000 mg/kg diet) of supplemented choline plus 1 betaine-free diet with 2-amino-methyl-1-propanol (AMP, 0.1%) and 1 diet with 1.2% betaine and 4,300 mg choline/kg diet were each fed to triplicate groups of shrimp ( mean body weight 0.30±0.02 g). Results indicated that shrimp fed diets without both betaine and choline had significantly lower weight gain, FCR, PER, HSI, and hepatopancreatic lipid, triglyceride and cholesterol concentrations than shrimp fed the other diets especially in the AMP diet group. Shrimp fed diets supplemented with <5,000 mg choline/kg diet had >4.5 of HSI value. In all the betaine-free groups, shrimp fed 6,000 and 7,000 mg choline/kg diet had higher weight gain. This study suggests that both lipid level and presence of betaine in the diet would influence choline requirements of P. monodon. Analyzed by weight gain and body choline concentration in shrimp indicates that choline requirement of the shrimp increased by 26 to 32% as dietary lipid level increased from 5% to 11% and increased by 5 to 21% when the diet does not contain betaine.