| Summary: | Background: Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) brings a heavy blow to the patient's voice. Transfer RNA (tRNA) is a common RNA, the roles of tRNAs in LSCC are largely unknown. Methods: The tRNA expression profile in LSCC tissues and adjacent normal tissues was measured by a tRNA qRT-PCR array. The expression level of tRNAIniCAT in LSCC tissues and plasmas was detected by qRT-PCR. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was established. tRNAIniCAT was upregulated by a lentivirus vector in the LSCC cell line. Moreover, tRNAIniCAT was upregulated in LSCC xenograft nude mouse model and the xenografts were used for pathological analysis and transmission electron microscope (TEM) observation. Results: The top 10 upregulated tRNAs were tRNALysCTT-1, tRNALeuTAA, tRNAPheGAA, tRNALeuCAG, tRNATyrATA, tRNAMetCAT, tRNATyrGTA-1, tRNAThrCGT, tRNATyrGTA-2, tRNAAlaAGC; and the top 10 downregulated tRNAs were tRNAIniCAT, mt-tRNAGluTTC, tRNAValCAC-3, mt-tRNATrpTCA, mt-tRNATyrGTA, mt-tRNALysTTT, mt-tRNAThrTGT, mt-tRNAAspGTC, mt-tRNAAsnGTT, mt-tRNAProTGG. tRNAIniCAT was downregulated in LSCC tissues and plasma. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) in LSCC tissues and the plasma of patients with LSCC was 0.717 and 0.808, respectively. tRNAIniCAT inhibited LSCC cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis. The in vivo results showed that tRNAIniCAT inhibited the growth of the xenografts and promoted apoptosis. Conclusions: This is the first study to provide tRNA expression profiles for LSCC tissues. tRNAIniCAT may be used as a new biomarker for the early diagnosis of LSCC. tRNAIniCAT inhibits cell proliferation and promotes apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. © 2021 The Authors. Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.
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