Application of scientific criteria for identifying hydrothermal ecosystems in need of protection

Application of scientific criteria for identifying hydrothermal ecosystems in need of protection

Deep-sea hydrothermal vent fields are globally rare (abundant in numbers, but extremely small in area) and are rich in extraordinary life based on chemosynthesis rather than photosynthesis. Vent fields are also sources of polymetallic sulfides rich in copper and other metals. Mineral resources of th...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Colaço, A. (Author), Gebruk, A. (Author), Gollner, S. (Author), Halpin, P.N (Author), Higgs, N. (Author), Menini, E. (Author), Mestre, N.C (Author), Qian, P.-Y (Author), Sarrazin, J. (Author), Szafranski, K. (Author), Van Dover, C.L (Author)
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier Ltd 2021
Subjects:
Atlantic Ocean
Deep-sea mining
Ecologically or Biologically Significant Areas (EBSAs)
environmental planning
environmental protection
hydrothermal vent
Hydrothermal vents
marine ecosystem
Mid-Atlantic Ridge
mineral exploration
Particularly Sensitive Sea Areas (PSSAs)
protected area
submarine mining
vulnerability
Vulnerable Marine Ecosystems (VMEs)
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