Estimating the contribution of HIV-infected adults to household pneumococcal transmission in South Africa, 2016–2018: A hidden Markov modelling study

Estimating the contribution of HIV-infected adults to household pneumococcal transmission in South Africa, 2016–2018: A hidden Markov modelling study

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected adults are at a higher risk of pneumococcal colonisation and disease, even while receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART). To help evaluate potential indirect effects of vaccination of HIV-infected adults, we assessed whether HIV-infected adults disproportio...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Buys, A. (Author), Carrim, M. (Author), Cohen, C. (Author), Flasche, S. (Author), French, N. (Author), Hellferscee, O. (Author), Kahn, K. (Author), Kleynhans, J. (Author), Language, B. (Author), Lebina, L. (Author), Maake, L. (Author), Martinson, N.A (Author), Mathee, A. (Author), McMorrow, M. (Author), Mkhen, T. (Author), Mothlaoleng, K. (Author), Moyes, J. (Author), Ojal, J. (Author), PHIRST group (Author), Piketh, S. (Author), Pinsent, A. (Author), Tempia, S. (Author), Thindwa, D. (Author), Treurnicht, F. (Author), von Gottberg, A. (Author), Wafawanaka, F. (Author), Wagner, R.G (Author), Wolter, N. (Author), Xavier Gómes-Olivé, F. (Author)
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Public Library of Science 2021
Subjects:
adolescent
Adolescent
adult
Adult
age
algorithm
Algorithms
antibiotic agent
antiretrovirus agent
Article
bacterial clearance
bacterium carrier
biology
Carrier State
CD4 antigen
CD4+ T lymphocyte
child
Child
Child, Preschool
complication
Computational Biology
disease transmission
drug use
false negative result
family size
female
Female
follow up
hazard ratio
heterozygote
hidden Markov model
HIV Infections
household
human
Human immunodeficiency virus infection
Humans
lymphocyte count
major clinical study
male
Male
Markov chain
Markov Chains
mathematical model
middle aged
Middle Aged
Models, Statistical
nasopharyngeal swab
pneumococcal infection
Pneumococcal Infections
Pneumococcus vaccine
preschool child
prevalence
probability
real time polymerase chain reaction
school child
South Africa
South African
statistical model
Streptococcus pneumoniae
young adult
Young Adult
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