diagnostic test accuracy study human 174 Article 156 controlled study 147 Humans 132 sensitivity and specificity 130 female 116 male 107 adult 106 major clinical study 103 receiver operating characteristic 83 Female 76 Male 70 middle aged 65 diagnostic accuracy 64 aged 57 Middle Aged 56 procedures 49 predictive value 41 Aged 39 Adult 38 diagnostic value 38 blood 37 unclassified drug 32 machine learning 31 genetics 30 human tissue 30 prognosis 30 area under the curve 29 clinical article 29