controlled study human 38 Humans 37 Article 34 diagnostic test accuracy study 21 deep learning 18 sensitivity and specificity 18 algorithm 16 machine learning 16 female 15 Deep learning 14 convolutional neural network 14 receiver operating characteristic 14 diagnostic imaging 13 learning algorithm 13 male 13 training 13 Diagnosis 11 Neural Networks, Computer 11 image segmentation 11 major clinical study 11 Algorithms 9 Convolutional neural networks 9 mathematical model 9 support vector machine 9 Learning systems 8 artificial intelligence 8 cross validation 8 prediction 8 validation process 8