Pilot-Scale Assessment of Urea as a Chemical Cleaning Agent for Biofouling Control in Spiral-Wound Reverse Osmosis Membrane Elements

Pilot-Scale Assessment of Urea as a Chemical Cleaning Agent for Biofouling Control in Spiral-Wound Reverse Osmosis Membrane Elements

Routine chemical cleaning with the combined use of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and hydrochloric acid (HCl) is carried out as a means of biofouling control in reverse osmosis (RO) membranes. The novelty of the research presented herein is in the application of urea, instead of NaOH, as a chemical cleanin...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Huma Sanawar, Szilárd S. Bucs, Martin A. Pot, Jure Zlopasa, Nadia M. Farhat, Geert-Jan Witkamp, Joop C. Kruithof, Mark C. M. van Loosdrecht, Johannes S. Vrouwenvelder
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2019-09-01
Series:Membranes
Subjects:
desalination
urea
biofouling
chemical cleaning
nanofiltration
membrane autopsy
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/9/9/117

Internet

https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/9/9/117

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