Arrangement of the Clostridium baratii F7 toxin gene cluster with identification of a σ factor that recognizes the botulinum toxin gene cluster promoters.

by Nir Dover, Jason R Barash, Julianne N Burke, Karen K Hill, John C Detter, Stephen S Arnon
Published 2014-01-01

Correction: Clostridium botulinum Strain Af84 Contains Three Neurotoxin Gene Clusters: Bont/A2, bont/F4 and bont/F5

by Nir Dover, Jason R. Barash, Karen K. Hill, Karen W. Davenport, Hazuki Teshima, Gary Xie, Stephen S. Arnon
Published 2013-01-01

Clostridium botulinum strain Af84 contains three neurotoxin gene clusters: bont/A2, bont/F4 and bont/F5.

by Nir Dover, Jason R Barash, Karen K Hill, Karen W Davenport, Hazuki Teshima, Gary Xie, Stephen S Arnon
Published 2013-01-01

Correction: Strain Af84 Contains Three Neurotoxin Gene Clusters: , and.

by Nir Dover, Jason R. Barash, Karen K. Hill, Karen W. Davenport, Hazuki Teshima, Gary Xie, Stephen S. Arnon
Published 2013-01-01

Proteomic analysis of four Clostridium botulinum strains identifies proteins that link biological responses to proteomic signatures.

by Brooke L Deatherage Kaiser, Karen K Hill, Theresa J Smith, Charles H D Williamson, Paul Keim, Jason W Sahl, Karen L Wahl
Published 2018-01-01

Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Typing of Bacillus anthracis from Sverdlovsk Tissue

by Richard T. Okinaka, Melinda Henrie, Karen K. Hill, KristinS. Lowery, Matthew Van Ert, Talima Pearson, James Schupp, Leo Kenefic, Jodi Beaudry, Steven A. Hofstadler, Paul J. Jackson, Paul Keim
Published 2008-04-01

Analysis of the neurotoxin complex genes in Clostridium botulinum A1-A4 and B1 strains: BoNT/A3, /Ba4 and /B1 clusters are located within plasmids.

by Theresa J Smith, Karen K Hill, Brian T Foley, John C Detter, A Christine Munk, David C Bruce, Norman A Doggett, Leonard A Smith, James D Marks, Gary Xie, Thomas S Brettin
Published 2007-12-01

The Distinctive Evolution of orfX Clostridium parabotulinum Strains and Their Botulinum Neurotoxin Type A and F Gene Clusters Is Influenced by Environmental Factors and Gene Intera...

by Theresa J. Smith, Charles H. D. Williamson, Karen K. Hill, Shannon L. Johnson, Gary Xie, Fabrizio Anniballi, Bruna Auricchio, Rafael A. Fernández, Patricia A. Caballero, Paul Keim, Jason W. Sahl
Published 2021-02-01

Historical Perspectives and Guidelines for Botulinum Neurotoxin Subtype Nomenclature

by Michael W. Peck, Theresa J. Smith, Fabrizio Anniballi, John W. Austin, Luca Bano, Marite Bradshaw, Paula Cuervo, Luisa W. Cheng, Yagmur Derman, Brigitte G. Dorner, Audrey Fisher, Karen K. Hill, Suzanne R. Kalb, Hannu Korkeala, Miia Lindström, Florigio Lista, Carolina Lúquez, Christelle Mazuet, Marco Pirazzini, Michel R. Popoff, Ornella Rossetto, Andreas Rummel, Dorothea Sesardic, Bal Ram Singh, Sandra C. Stringer
Published 2017-01-01

Genomic comparison of Escherichia coli O104:H4 isolates from 2009 and 2011 reveals plasmid, and prophage heterogeneity, including shiga toxin encoding phage stx2.

by Sanaa A Ahmed, Joy Awosika, Carson Baldwin, Kimberly A Bishop-Lilly, Biswajit Biswas, Stacey Broomall, Patrick S G Chain, Olga Chertkov, Otar Chokoshvili, Susan Coyne, Karen Davenport, J Chris Detter, William Dorman, Tracy H Erkkila, Jason P Folster, Kenneth G Frey, Matroner George, Cheryl Gleasner, Matthew Henry, Karen K Hill, Kyle Hubbard, Joseph Insalaco, Shannon Johnson, Aaron Kitzmiller, Michael Krepps, Chien-Chi Lo, Truong Luu, Lauren A McNew, Timothy Minogue, Christine A Munk, Brian Osborne, Mohit Patel, Krista G Reitenga, C Nicole Rosenzweig, April Shea, Xiaohong Shen, Nancy Strockbine, Cheryl Tarr, Hazuki Teshima, Eric van Gieson, Kathleen Verratti, Mark Wolcott, Gary Xie, Shanmuga Sozhamannan, Henry S Gibbons, Threat Characterization Consortium
Published 2012-01-01